Aerodinamika v modelih za računalniško simulacijo letenja ptic v jati

PANGERŠIČ, DOMINIK (avtor), Lebar Bajec, Iztok (mentor)

Z nalogo se osredotočamo na preučitev modelov, ki upoštevajo simulacijo aerodinamike letenja ptice z zamahovanjem kril, in analizo možnosti vpeljave teh algoritmov v vedenjske modele letenja ptic v jati, ob izvajanju simulacije v realnem času. S tem namenom smo izdelali podrobnejšo primerjavo med modeli, ki so pri današnji strojni zmogljivosti najbolj primerni za izdelavo celovitega fizikalnega sistema letenja ptic. Na podlagi tega smo predstavili način implementacije, s prednostmi in omejitvami. Natančneje se z nalogo osredotočimo na predstavitev gibanja ptice, kompleksnosti modela ptice in pristop avtomatske rekonstrukcije raznolikih vrst ptic. Predstavimo model, za katerega z uporabo poenostavljenih enačb računamo aerodinamične sile in predstavimo vpeljavo stabilnih PD krmilnikov. V okviru tega podrobneje opišemo štiri različne, najbolj primerne pristope fizikalno zasnovanih simulacij letenja z zamahovanjem, ki so: a) vizualno prepričljiv model, b) poenostavljen model, c) model z upoštevanjem zračnih tokov in d) podatkovno usmerjeni model. V zaključku predstavimo vpeljavo učnega modela ptice, ki za način krmiljenja v 3D prostoru deluje na podlagi pred-definirane poti in hevristične predstavitve želene orientacije. Z namenom izdelave krmilnika, primernega za vpeljavo v model letenja v jatah, predstavimo metodo združevanja zamahov, brez potrebe hranjenja večje količine podatkov. Zaradi potrebe po izdelavi robustnega krmilnika letenja predstavimo tudi način izdelave podatkovne baze zamahov, namenjene manevriranju pod različnimi vpadnimi koti. Za konec predstavimo možne izboljšave in ideje za nadaljnje delo.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: poenostavljena aerodinamika, PD, SPD, igre, simulacija, skupinsko vedenje, umetno življenje
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FRI - Fakulteta za računalništvo in informatiko
• Leto izida: 2015
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-73381
• Datum objave v RUL: 06.11.2015

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Aerodynamics in models for a computer simulation of bird flocking

Izvleček

This thesis focuses on examining flapping flight models, and the possibility of their introduction in behavioural algorithms, all while still being able to run in real time. For this purpose, we present a detailed comparison between flapping flight models that are with today's hardware capabilities in mind best suited for the development of a comprehensive physical system of flying birds. We present their implementation specifics as well as the advantages and limitations. More specifically, we first present an overview of bird flight mechanics, the complexity of 3D bird models suitable for the automatic generation of diverse kinds of birds. We continue by presenting a model for calculating aerodynamic forces with the use of simplified equations and suggest the integration of stable PD controllers. In the context of our problem, we then describe four different, but most appropriate approaches of physically based simulations of flapping flight: a) a visually convincing model, b) a simplified model, c) a model with consideration of airflows and d) a data-driven model. In the discussion part of this thesis, we introduce a type of a learning flapping flight model capable of steering in a 3D space, which works based on a pre-defined path and a heuristic representation of the desired orientation. With the intention of making the controller appropriate for behavioural algorithms, we introduce a procedure for combining strokes, without unnecessarily large data storage. Following the need of a robust flapping controller, we propose a wingbeat database that is able to manoeuvre under different angles of attack. We conclude by presenting possible improvements and ideas for further work.

• Ključne besede: simplified aerodynamics, PD, SPD, games, simulations, group behavior, artificial life