Vpliv intenzivnosti vadbe na serumske koncentracije označevalcev oksidativnega stresa in vnetja

Koščak, Aleš (avtor), Jerin, Aleš (mentor), Paravlić, Armin (komentor)

Telesna vadba povzroči v telesu številne kratkotrajne spremembe. Med drugim vpliva na ravnovesje med nastajanjem reaktivnih kisikovih spojin in antioksidativno zaščito ter na delovanje imunskega sistema. Takšen odziv je del normalnega prilagajanja telesa na obremenitev, vendar še ni povsem jasno, kako nanj vpliva intenzivnost vadbe. Namen magistrske naloge je bil zato ugotoviti, kako se telo odzove na zmerno intenzivno kontinuirano in visoko intenzivno intervalno vadbo ter ali se odziva med obema oblikama vadbe razlikujeta. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 11 zdravih netreniranih odraslih. Vsak preiskovanec je opravil obe obliki vadbe, intenzivnost pa je bila prilagojena njegovim telesnim zmogljivostim. V krvnih vzorcih smo pred vadbo in po njej določali označevalce oksidativnega stresa in antioksidativne zaščite ter izbrane citokine, ki sodelujejo pri imunskem odzivu. Spremljali smo tudi nekatere druge laboratorijske označevalce in spremembo volumna plazme. Zaradi majhnega vzorca in podatkov, ki ne sledijo normalni porazdelitvi, smo uporabili neparametrične statistične teste. Po obeh oblikah vadbe sta se statistično značilno povečala antioksidativna kapaciteta plazme PAT in indeks oksidativnega stresa OSI (p < 0,05), medtem ko pri označevalcu d-ROM statistično značilnih sprememb nismo ugotovili. Med citokini se je po obeh oblikah vadbe statistično značilno spreminjal IL-6 (p < 0,05), pri čemer so bile koncentracije višje predvsem 30 minut po vadbi. Pri citokinih IL-7, IL-10 in TNF-α statistično značilnih sprememb nismo ugotovili. Prav tako nismo dokazali statistično značilnih razlik v odzivu med zmerno intenzivno kontinuirano in visoko intenzivno intervalno vadbo. Neposredno po vadbi se je zmanjšal tudi ocenjeni volumen plazme, kar lahko vpliva na izmerjene koncentracije označevalcev v krvi. Rezultati kažejo, da vadba povzroči zgodnje spremembe antioksidativne zaščite in citokina IL-6. Kljub različni intenzivnosti in načinu izvedbe vadbe v našem vzorcu nismo dokazali razlik v odzivu med obema vadbenima protokoloma. Zaradi majhnega števila preiskovancev je treba rezultate potrditi na večjem številu vzorcev.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: telesna vadba, oksidativni stres, antioksidativna kapaciteta, citokini, IL-6, intenzivnost vadbe
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Leto izida: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-190205
• Datum objave v RUL: 24.10.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of exercise intensity on serum concentrations of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers

Izvleček

Physical exercise induces numerous short-term changes in the body. Among other effects, it influences the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense, as well as immune system activity. These responses are part of the normal physiological adaptation to exercise; however, it remains unclear to what extent they are influenced by exercise intensity. The aim of this master’s thesis was therefore to investigate the acute responses to moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training and to determine whether these responses differ between the two exercise protocols. The study included 11 healthy, untrained adults. Each participant completed both exercise protocols, with exercise intensity individually adjusted to their physical capacity. Blood samples collected before and after exercise were analyzed for markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, as well as selected cytokines involved in the immune response. Additional laboratory markers and changes in plasma volume were also assessed. Due to the small sample size and the distribution of the data, non-parametric statistical tests were used. Following both exercise protocols, plasma antioxidant capacity and the oxidative stress index increased significantly (p < 0.05), whereas no statistically significant changes were observed in the oxidative stress marker d-ROM. Among the analyzed cytokines, IL-6 changed significantly following both exercise protocols (p < 0.05). Its concentrations were higher particularly 30 minutes after exercise. No statistically significant changes were observed in IL-7, IL-10, or TNF-α. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences in the responses of the main investigated markers were demonstrated between moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training. Estimated plasma volume also decreased immediately after exercise, which may affect the measured concentrations of blood markers. The results indicate that exercise induces early changes in antioxidant defense and IL-6 response. Despite differences in exercise intensity and protocol design, no differences in the responses of the main investigated markers between the two exercise protocols were demonstrated in our sample. Due to the small number of participants, these findings should be confirmed in larger studies.

• Ključne besede: physical exercise, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, cytokines, IL-6, exercise intensity