Carbon dioxide (CO$_{2}$) emissions represent one of the most important factors contributing to the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the intensification of climate change. Due to the need for decarbonization, the development of efficient technologies for capturing CO$_{2}$ from flue gases is becoming increasingly important. The subject of this thesis is the study of adsorption as a method for capturing CO$_{2}$ from flue gases, with an emphasis on process mechanisms, factors affecting efficiency, and different types of adsorbents. Their properties, selectivity, and regeneration are examined while considering the effects of temperature, pressure, concentration, and humidity. Particular attention is given to comparing the adsorption properties of different adsorbent groups and the influence of their structure and operating conditions on CO$_{2}$ capture efficiency.
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