Vpliv dodanih kognitivnih nalog na hojo pri zdravih odraslih in pacientih po možganski kapi : magistrsko delo

Pahovnik, Karolina (avtor), Puh, Urška (mentor), Močilar, Metka (komentor), Jakovljević, Miroljub (recenzent)

Uvod: Hoja pogosto poteka sočasno z izvajanjem drugih nalog, kar zaradi tekmovanja za omejene pozornostne vire lahko zmanjša učinkovitost izvedbe ene ali obeh nalog ter poveča tveganje za padce. Ocenjevanje hoje z dodano nalogo omogoča boljši vpogled v hojo v pogojih vsakodnevnega življenja. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti zanesljivost meritev časovno-prostorskih spremenljivk hoje po tekočem traku pri zdravih odraslih preiskovancih z dodano nalogo in brez nje ter proučiti vpliv dodanih nalog na časovno merjeni test vstani in pojdi ter na hojo po tekočem traku pri pacientih po možganski kapi. Metode dela: V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 32 zdravih odraslih in 30 preiskovancev po možganski kapi. Zdravi preiskovanci so hojo po tekočem traku opravili v dveh merilnih sejah. Preiskovanci po možganski kapi so izvedli časovno merjeni test vstani in pojdi ter hojo po tekočem traku brez dodane naloge in z nalogama črkovne fluentnosti ter odštevanja. Zanesljivost časovno-prostorskih spremenljivk hoje smo ocenili z intraklasnim korelacijskih koeficientom (angl. Intraclass Correlation Coeficient – ICC), vpliv dodanih nalog pa z izračunom cene dvojne naloge. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo visoko do odlično zanesljivost (ICC = 0,82–0,99) večine časovno-prostorskih spremenljivk hoje brez dodane naloge in z dodano nalogo črkovne fluentnosti, dve od analiziranih spremenljivk med hojo z dodano nalogo pa sta imeli zmerno zanesljivost (ICC = 0,75). Pri preiskovancih po možganski kapi sta obe dodani nalogi statistično značilno podaljšali čas izvedbe časovno merjenega testa vstani in pojdi (3,0–3,9 s) in povečali število korakov (1,6–2,5 korakov/min) (p < 0,001). Pri hoji po tekočem traku je bil vpliv dodanih nalog manj izrazit; statistično značilna razlika je bila ugotovljena pri kadenci (2,6 korakov/min) (p = 0,004). Primerjava med zdravimi in preiskovanci po možganski kapi ni pokazala izrazito večjega vpliva naloge črkovne fluentnosti na hojo po možganski kapi. Zaključek: Meritve časovno-prostorskih spremenljivk hoje po tekočem traku so pri zdravih odraslih zanesljive tako brez dodane naloge kot z dodano nalogo črkovne fluentnosti. Časovno merjeni test vstani in pojdi z dodano kognitivno nalogo se je izkazal kot občutljivejši za zaznavanje vpliva dodane naloge pri pacientih po možganski kapi, hoja po tekočem traku pa omogoča standardizirano oceno sprememb hoje.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: magistrska dela, fizioterapija, možganska kap, dodana naloga, časovno merjeni test vstani in pojdi, zanesljivost, tekoči trak
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [K. Pahovnik]
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: VII, 49 str., [1] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184574
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 284896515
• Datum objave v RUL: 10.07.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Impact of added cognitive tasks on gait in healthy adults and stroke patients : master thesis

Izvleček

Introduction: Walking is a fundamental ability that is often performed simultaneously with other tasks. Competition for limited attentional resources may reduce the efficiency of one or both tasks and increse the risk of falls. Dual-task gait assessment provides better insight into walking under conditions representative of everyday life. Purpose: The aim of this master thesis was to determine the reliability of spatiotemporal gait parameters measured on a treadmill in healthy adults during single-task walking and walking with a verbal fluency task, and to investigate the effects of verbal fluency task and substraction tasks on the Timed Up and Go and treadmill walking in stroke patients. Methods: The study included 31 healthy participants and 28 stroke patients. Healthy participants performed treadmill walking in two separate measurement sessions. Stroke patients performed Timed Up and Go and treadmill walking without an additional task and with verbal fluency and serial substraction tasks. The reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The effects of additional tasks were evaluated using dual-task cost. Results: High to excellent reliability (ICC = 0,82–0,99) was found for most spatiotemporal gait parameters both without an additional task and with the verbal fluency task, while two of the analyzed variables during dual-task walking showed moderate reliability (ICC = 0,75). In stroke patients, both additional tasks significantly prolonged Timed Up and Go completion time (3,0–3,9 s) and increased the number of stepst taken (1,6–2,5 steps/min) (p < 0,001). During treadmill walking, the effects of additional tasks were less pronounced; a statistically significant difference was found only for cadence (2,6 steps/min) (p = 0,004). Comparison between healthy participants and stroke patients did not show a greater effect of the verbal fluency task in the stroke group. Discussion and conclusion: Measurements of spatiotemporal gait parameters on a treadmill are reliable in healthy adults both with and without a verbal fluency task. Timed Up and Go with an additional cognitive task appears to be more sensitive for detecting dual-task effects in patients after stroke, whereas treadmill walking provides a standardized assessment of gait changes.

• Ključne besede: master's theses, physiotherapy, stroke, dual task, Timed Up and Go test, reliability, tredmill