Jezikovni primanjkljaji pri Parkinsonovi bolezni: Presojanje vpliva jezikovnih in kognitivnih faktorjev na razumevanje kompleksnih stavčnih struktur pri nedementnih bolnikih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo

Bratina, Tina (avtor), Manouilidou, Christina (mentor)

Parkinsonovo bolezen poleg tipičnih motoričnih simptomov zaznamujejo tudi številni kognitivni simptomi. Prepoznavanje zgodnjih kognitivnih sprememb in smeri njihovega napredovanja ostaja pomembna tema sodobnih raziskav. Ene izmed pogosteje obravnavanih sprememb so povezane z motnjami fronto-striatnega omrežja. Čeprav je jezikovno področje v splošnem diskurzu o kognitivnih simptomih smatrano kot relativno ohranjeno, številni jezikovni pregledi izpostavljajo specifična in subtilna odstopanja na različnih jezikovnih področjih, vzroki njihovega nastopa pa še vedno ostajajo pogosta tema razprav. Na skladenjskem področju so težave z razumevanjem kompleksnih stavčnih struktur prejele precej pozornosti, saj se lahko pojavijo že v zgodnjih fazah bolezni. Osrednji namen naloge je osvetliti vprašanje narave težav razumevanja pri nedementnih bolnikih na primeru oziralnih odvisnikov, s katerim je bilo naslovljeno razmerje vpliva skladenjsko-slovničnih in drugih kognitivnih faktorjev na uspešnost razumevanja. Pregled literature kaže, da prevladujoča interpretacija tem težavam pripisuje kognitivno osnovo. To so podprle številne metodološko raznolike raziskave, ki so na podlagi nevroslikovnih in vedenjskih podatkov pri nedementnih bolnikih potrdile relativno ohranjeno skladenjsko-slovnično znanje, medtem ko so bila odstopanja prepoznana pri podpornih kognitivnih virih, kot so omejitve nadzora pozornosti, delovni spomin, preklapljanje in upočasnjena hitrost procesiranja informacij. Ti viri verjetno prispevajo k premagovanju procesne kompleksnosti oziralnih odvisnikov in jih je možno interpretirati kot odraz splošnih motenj fronto-striatnega omrežja. S kritičnim pogledom pa so izpostavljene tudi nekatere omejitve kognitivne hipoteze, zlasti omejevanje na zgolj eno vrsto kompleksnih stavčnih struktur, ter pomanjkanje podatkov iz tipološko različnih jezikovnih skupin za zanesljivejše medjezikovne primerjave z namenom dodatne potrditve univerzalnosti hipoteze.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Parkinsonova bolezen, jezik, stavčno razumevanje, kompleksne stavčne strukture, oziralni odvisniki
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FF - Filozofska fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183328
• Datum objave v RUL: 11.06.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Language impairment in Parkinson's disease: Assessing the influence of linguistic and cognitive factors on the comprehension of complex sentence structures in non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease

Izvleček

In addition to typical motor symptoms, Parkinson’s disease is characterized by numerous cognitive symptoms. Identifying early cognitive changes and the course of their progression remains an important topic in current research. Among the most frequently studied changes are those associated with disturbances in the fronto-striatal network. Although language is generally considered relatively preserved in the broader discourse on cognitive symptoms, numerous reviews of language function point to specific, subtle changes across various linguistic domains, while the causes of these changes remain a frequent topic of debate. In the area of syntax, difficulties in understanding complex sentence structures have received considerable attention, as they can appear as early as the disease's initial stages. The primary aim of this study is to shed light on the nature of comprehension difficulties in non-demented patients by using relative clauses to examine the relationship between syntactic-grammatical and other cognitive factors in comprehension performance. A review of the literature shows that the prevailing interpretation suggests a cognitive basis for these difficulties. This has been supported by numerous methodologically diverse studies using neuroimaging and behavioral data from non-demented patients. These studies confirmed relatively preserved syntactic-grammatical knowledge, while deviations were identified in other supporting cognitive resources, including limitations in attentional control, working memory, and task switching, as well as slowed information processing speed. These resources are likely involved in overcoming the processing complexity of relative clauses and can be interpreted as reflecting general disturbances in the fronto-striatal network. However, a critical review also highlights certain limitations of the cognitive hypothesis, particularly its restriction to a single type of complex sentence structure, as well as the lack of data from typologically diverse language groups, which is needed for more reliable cross-linguistic comparisons aimed at providing additional support for the proposed universality of the hypothesis.

• Ključne besede: Parkinson's disease, language, sentence comprehension, complex sentence structures, relative clauses