Effects of intravenous lipid emulsions on Jurkat cells assessed using label-free deformability cytometry

Fajdiga, Lija (avtor), Repas, Jernej (avtor), Ivanuš, Bor (avtor), Lah, Darin (avtor), Bernat, Nina (avtor), Betocchi, Lara (avtor), Bürmen, Miran (avtor), Zemljič, Špela (avtor), Derganc, Jure (avtor)

Intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) are routinely used in clinical nutritional support and exert immunomodulatory effects, although they remain poorly understood. This is particularly relevant for cell-based immunotherapies, such as CAR-T therapy, where interactions between immune cells and circulating lipids may influence treatment efficacy. We investigated the effects of two commonly used ILEs (SMOFlipid and Omegaven) on Jurkat cells, using deformability cytometry (DC). Beyond assessing cell mechanics, we extended DC with two novel, label-free approaches: deep neural network–based image classification for cell state evaluation and morphological analysis for lipid droplet detection. Our results show that ILE composition strongly affects cytotoxicity. Omegaven, rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, was markedly more toxic than SMOFlipid, which mainly contains omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids. While cell stiffness remained largely unchanged, DC effectively detected reduced viability and increased lipid droplet accumulation. Seahorse metabolic analysis supported these findings, showing no significant changes in energy metabolism, suggesting that excess lipids were stored rather than metabolized. This study highlights a novel application of DC for high-throughput, label-free characterization of immune cells, providing insights into how ILEs may influence T cell biology and potentially impact the safety and efficacy of immunotherapies.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: deformability cytometry, lipid droplets, SMOFlipid, Omegaven, parenteral lipid emulsions, deep neural network classification
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko; MF - Medicinska fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: 14 str.
• Številčenje: 16, art. 3123
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-180807
• UDK: 577
• ISSN pri članku: 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-33582-7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 271883011
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.03.2026

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Scientific reports
• Skrajšan naslov: Sci. rep.
• Založnik: Nature Publishing Group
• ISSN: 2045-2322
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18727432

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: pretočna citometrija, elastične deformacije, lipidne kapljice, SMOFlipid, Omegaven, parenteralne lipidne emulzije, razvrščanje z globokimi nevronskimi mrežami