Introduction: Infertility represents a complex phenomenon resulting from the interaction of numerous factors, which can affect men or women. There are two types of infertility, primary and secondary. It was traditionally associated with older couples, but today this is no longer the case, as it also occurs in young people. Despite advances in medicine, infertility is becoming more common, since family planning has been postponed compared to the past. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to identify and analyze the most common causes of infertility, as well as to determine how infertility affects the quality of life of young couples. Methods: A descriptive research method was used supported by a review of foreign professional and scientific literature. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. The search strategy was presented using a PRISMA diagram. We formulated two research questions and included 20 articles in the analysis. Results: We found that there are many causes of infertility, which consequently affect the quality of life of young people. The most frequently mentioned factors in the studies were infections, injuries, anatomical abnormalities, certain disorders of the male or female reproductive system, a sedentary lifestyle, inadequate diet, smoking, and alcohol use. As a result, these causes influence relationships, communication, and especially the psychological well-being and stress levels of individuals which causes low quality of life. Discussion and conclusion: Infertility in young couples is caused by numerous medical and lifestyle factors, unhealthy habits, and stress. These issues affect overall health, well-being, and relationships, which is why a comprehensive approach is needed. Awareness and prevention are very important, as young people often seek for help too late and are not properly addressed. Various educational programs exist where they can receive useful information, appropriate counseling, and a safe environment for asking questions. Midwives, as healthcare professionals, play a key role in counseling and supporting the preservation of reproductive health, which requires continuous improvement of their knowledge.
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