This dissertation investigates the urban development of medieval Maribor from an
archaeological and urbanistic perspective, focusing on the area of the former Minorite
monastery and Vojašniški Square, which was identified as a key locus in the formation of the
town’s early development on the left bank of the Drava River. Based on extensive
archaeological excavations carried out between 2004 and 2022, the study reconstructs a multiphase
transformation of the area—from an early, institutionally conditioned non-agrarian
settlement to spatial and functional consolidation by the late 13th century. The research adopts
a multi-layered methodology combining stratigraphic analysis, typochronological study of
small finds, radiocarbon dating, spatial-topographic interpretation, and historical and
architectural analysis.
The main objective was to clarify the early stages of urban development and assess the role
of secular and ecclesiastical centres of power. In the 11th or 12th century, a complex of
three masonry buildings (Structures A, B, and C) was established near the Drava River,
interpreted as a possible seat of secular authority, with Building B potentially serving a
religious function. The complex was abandoned before the end of the 12th century, coinciding
with the emergence of the Marchburch castle on the elevated hill above the town and the
formation of a new ecclesiastical centre with a church (Structure D) and associated
buildings.
Excavations in Vojašniški Square revealed traces of wooden architecture and lime kilns from
the second half of the 13th century, linked to major construction activity and the development
of stone-built infrastructure (e.g., town walls, the monastery, and the new church).
Archaeological evidence demonstrates long-term spatial continuity and the reuse of earlier
functional zones within a newly emerging urban framework. The dissertation also critically
addresses systemic challenges in urban archaeology and emphasizes the need for
interdisciplinary approaches to adequately interpret the complex processes of medieval
urbanization.
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