| Opomba: | TITLE: Recognizing the impact, liberating the icon : Kafka in the essays of Mauro Covacich and Giorgio Fontana / ABSTRACT: The essay, as a form of critical and reflective writing that is not rigidly structured, relies both on the author’s erudition and, where applicable, personal experiences. It has a long history and continues to be relevant, but it enjoyed particular prominence in the twentieth century due to its rejection of a totalising view of reality in late-modern thinking. The article first revisits the theses of prominent literary theorists, such as Lukács and Adorno, and literary critics, such as the Italian Berardinelli, who have sought to outline the characteristics of the essay, its manifold purposes, and its diverse modes of realisation. As a loosely codified genre, individual essayists choose to give more or less space to subjectivity, to frame their discourse hypothetically or anchor it in verified data, and to pursue aims that vary from case to case: sometimes epistemological, sometimes didactic, and often polemical. Through a comparative analysis, the article then highlights the diversity of aims and poetological and discursive approaches in two recent essays on Kafka by contemporary Italian writers, Mauro Covacich and Giorgio Fontana. Covacich (Kafka, 2024) adopts a simultaneously biographical and autobiographical approach, linking observations on Kafka’s poetics to psychological dynamics, while Fontana (Kafka. A World of Truth, 2024) is more analytical and polemical in intent: its author seeks to overturn near-commonplace views about the Czech writer, offering a lesson in methodology. The comparison thus prompts reflection on the variety of approaches that the essay genre can, and repeatedly does, accommodate. / KEYWORDS: Franz Kafka, Mauro Covacich, Giorgio Fontana, essay, biography, literary critical reception, textual interpretation |
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