Autism spectrum disorder is classified as a pervasive developmental disorder, characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and stereotyped or repetitive behaviors. Occupational therapy for children with autism primarily aims to help them achieve independence in daily activities, successful play, effective emotional regulation, and the establishment of routines, among other goals. Play is defined as an occupation in which a child engages to achieve well-being and enjoyment, while also expressing interests and ideas. However, children with autism often have difficulties with play, making it more challenging for them. For this reason, we conducted research on the use of play in occupational therapy for children with ASD, as play is one of the most important occupations of childhood and a suitable medium for therapeutic intervention.Aim: The aim of this literature review was to investigate the use of play in occupational therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods: A literature review was conducted in four databases. Four main concepts were included: occupational therapy, children, autism spectrum disorder, and play. The articles were assessed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, followed by descriptive analysis and thematic synthesis. Results: Eight articles were analysed, and four themes were identified: the importance of play in occupational therapy; types of therapeutic approaches; effects of therapeutic approaches; and the role of the occupational therapist. Discussion and conclusion: In occupational therapy, play is most often used as a medium for learning. Through play, children with ASD acquire important social skills. Parents or peers are often involved in the intervention. We found that play is effective within the scope of occupational therapy and can be used in various ways to improve a child’s socialisation skills.
|
