Introduction: With the increase in the elderly population, older drivers and pedestrians are facing complex challenges, as physiological and cognitive changes affect their judgment and reaction speed, which increases the risk of traffic accidents. Additional risks include traffic density, rapid changes in regulations, and road traffic rules, which older people find more difficult to follow. Purpose: The aim of the thesis is to investigate the factors influencing the traffic safety of older people and to identify effective health education strategies that can improve their awareness and caution in traffic. Methods: A descriptive research method was used, in which we conducted a review of scientific and professional literature through the MEDLINE and CINAHL Ultimate databases and the Google Scholar search engine. Literature published from 2015 onwards was included. A total of 17 articles were analyzed. The selected articles were divided into three main thematic units: the most common causes of traffic accidents involving older people, strategies for improving awareness and traffic safety for this demographic group, and examples of successful practices from different countries. Results: The most common causes of traffic accidents among older people are poor perception, slower reaction times, errors when merging into traffic, as well as turning and lane changing. Contributing factors include health issues, medications, inappropriate speed, and inadequate monitoring of traffic situations. To achieve a higher level of traffic safety, awareness-raising strategies should be applied that are based on understanding and respect, use interactive learning methods, include assessment tools for physical and cognitive abilities, and encourage physical activity. European countries are unified in adapting the environment to promote mobility for older people, but they have used different strategies to achieve similar results. Discussion and Conclusion: In Slovenia, older people are provided with free public transportation throughout the country, and municipalities also operate organizations that assist older individuals with specific transport services such as Kavalir, Prostofer, and Sopotnik. Slovenia also conducts annual campaigns to raise awareness of traffic safety, emphasizing the importance of using reflective items for pedestrians and cyclists, refraining from alcohol consumption before or during driving, and raising awareness of proper seat belt use. Programs are available for older drivers where they are taught about safe driving and can also take driving sessions with an instructor who advises them and provides guidance for future driving.
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