In today’s fast-paced society, stress is an inevitable part of everyday life. Therefore, the present research focused on examining the moderating role of resilience in the relationship between everyday stress and anxiety, depression, and positive indicators of mental health, i.e., emotional, psychological, and social subjective well-being. The research was conducted on an age-heterogeneous sample of 3048 individuals. The sample was weighted to represent the Slovenian population. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Connor-Davison Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) and the Mental Health Continuum – Short Form (MHC-SF) were used to collect the data. The results showed that everyday stress and resilience were predictors of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and emotional, psychological, and social components of subjective well-being. Stress was a stronger predictor of mental illness, while resilience was a stronger predictor of mental health. When examining the moderating effect, resilience was shown to play a significant role in buffering the effect of stress on symptoms of psychopathology, resilience however did not buffer the effect of stress on mental health. The moderating role of resilience was significant only in relation to social well-being, where contrary to our expectations resilience slightly increased the effect of stress on lower social well-being. Therefore, we conclude that the role of resilience is different in relation to mental health and mental illness, which is consistent with Keyes’s two-dimensional model of mental health. Further research could be conducted regarding the effect of resilience on human functioning under stress and the development of resilience training.
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