Kupola florentinske katedrale : diplomsko delo

Trampuš, Eva (avtor), Kemperl, Metoda (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi sem raziskovala kupolo florentinske katedrale Santa Maria del Fiore, ki jo je skonstruiral in zgradil Filippo Brunelleschi. Kupola, ki so jo gradili med letoma 1420 in 1436, velja za najpomembnejše arhitekturno delo zgodnje renesanse in je temelj za poznejše tovrstne arhitekturne dosežke. Cilj naloge sta bili kontekstualna in formalna analiza kupole. Sprva sem osvetlila družbeni, politični in kulturni kontekst v Firencah na začetku petnajstega stoletja, nato sem natančno opisala natečaj za izbiro arhitekta kupole. Del naloge sem posvetila kronološkemu opisu gradnje katedrale in njene kupole. Kasneje sem kupolo tudi formalno analizirala. V osrednjem delu sem se posvetila vprašanju, kako je kupola postavila ideale renesančne arhitekture. Naredila sem povezave z Albertijevo arhitekturno teorijo in v naslednjem podpoglavju še s krščanskim simbolizmom ter drugimi ideali, kot so simetrija, geometrija, koncept uomo universale itd. Zanimalo me je tudi, kako je starejša arhitektura vplivala na Brunelleschija ter kako je njegova kupola vplivala na poznejšo arhitekturo. Tukaj sem povezave iskala s pomočjo konkretnih primerov iz različnih slogovnih obdobij. Zanimale so me manj očitne povezave, ki še niso zajete v obstoječi literaturi. Za raziskovanje sem uporabila deskriptivno metodo, študij literature, zgodovinsko metodo, metodo opazovanja in metodo formalne ter kontekstualne analize. Ugotovila sem, kako je kupola vpeljala nove formalne, konstrukcijske in simbolne principe, ki so temeljili na reinterpretaciji antično rimske arhitekture in kako je pripomogla k prehodu iz gotike v renesanso. Našla sem tudi kar nekaj povezav, kako je kupola posredno in neposredno vplivala na poznejšo arhitekturo. V empiričnem delu sem se posvetila vprašanju, katera idealna renesančna razmerja najdemo v cerkvi Santa Maria del Fiore in njeni kupoli. Ker sem po pregledu literature ugotovila, da se še nihče ni ukvarjal z ugotavljanjem razmerij v dotični cerkvi, sem jih s pomočjo kvalitativne metode iskala sama. Ugotovila sem, da je v cerkvi in kupoli veliko primerov preprostih renesančnih razmerij, kot so 1:1, 1:2, 2:3, 4:5 in 3:5. Prisotno je tudi razmerje, ki je blizu zlatega reza. Zaključim lahko, da je Brunelleschi dimenzije kupole prilagajal gotski cerkvi tako, da je dosegel ta idealna klasična razmerja, ta pa so pripomogla k uveljavljanju novih arhitekturnih načel.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Kupole, Katedrale, Filippo Brunelleschi, Santa Maria del Fiore, renesančna arhitektura, razmerja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Geografsko pokritje: Firence (Italija)
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: E. Trampuš
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 55 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-172129
• UDK: 726:27-523.4(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 248173059
• Datum objave v RUL: 06.09.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The dome of Florence cathedral

Izvleček

In my thesis, I researched the dome of the Florence Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, which was designed and built by Filippo Brunelleschi. The dome, which was built between 1420 and 1436, is considered the most important architectural work of the early Renaissance and is the basis for later architectural achievements of this kind. The goal of the task was to conduct a contextual and formal analysis of the dome. Initially, I highlighted the social, political, and cultural context in Florence at the beginning of the 15th century, and then I described the competition for the selection of the architect of the dome in detail. I have dedicated part of the task to the chronological description of the cathedral's construction and its dome. Later, I also formally analyzed the dome. In the central part, I focused on how the dome embodied the ideals of Renaissance architecture. I made connections with Alberti's architectural theory, in the next subchapter with Christian symbolism and other ideals such as symmetry, geometry, the concept of uomo universale, etc. I was also interested in how older architecture influenced Brunelleschi and how his dome influenced later architecture. Here, I was looking for connections with the help of specific examples from different stylistic periods. I was interested in less obvious connections which are not present in existing literature. For the research, I used the descriptive method and literature study, historical method, observation method, and the method of formal and contextual analysis. I have discovered how the dome introduced new formal, structural, and symbolic principles that were based on the reinterpretation of ancient Roman architecture and how it contributed to the transition from Gothic to Renaissance. I also found some connections on how the dome influenced later architecture, both indirectly and directly. In the empirical part, I focused on the question of which ideal Renaissance proportions can be found in the Santa Maria del Fiore church and its dome. After reviewing the literature, I found that no one had investigated the proportions in the church in question, so I conducted my own research using a qualitative method. I found that there are many examples of simple Renaissance proportions such as 1:1, 1:2, 2:3, 4:5 and 3:5 in the church and dome. In the church I also identified the golden ratio. It can be concluded that Brunelleschi adapted the dimensions of the dome to the gothic church in such a way as to achieve these ideal proportions, which contributed to the establishment of new architectural principles.

• Ključne besede: Filippo Brunelleschi, Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence, Renaissance architecture, proportions