Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world; however, its production represents one of the largest sources of CO$_2$ emissions globally. Therefore, reducing these emissions is one of the greatest challenges of modern society. This thesis presents different approaches to achieving this goal and examines how these methods affect the properties of concrete. Modern strategies for lowering the carbon footprint of concrete include the replacement of clinker with mineral additives (fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag), LC$^3$ cements, the use of alternative binders (geopolymers and MgO-based cements), carbonation processes, the incorporation of recycled concrete aggregates, and the implementation of life cycle assessment (LCA) for a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impact of each approach.
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