The genus Pseudomonas spp. comprises bacterial species characterized by a range of traits and an ability to adapt to diverse environments. Among them, the pathogenic species Pseudomonas aeruginosa stands out due to its high adaptability and antimicrobial resistance, representing a significant challenge in healthcare. Bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas spp. form biofilms, protective structures composed of an extracellular matrix that includes polysaccharides, proteins, and eDNA. Biofilms enable bacteria to survive under stressful conditions, resist antimicrobial agents and evade the host immune system, thereby complicating the treatment of biofilm-associated infections. In the master's thesis, we investigated the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas spp. bacteria. Using bioinformatic genome analysis, we identified key genes associated with biofilm formation and resistance, and linked these genetic findings to the physiological characteristics of Pseudomonas spp. isolates. The study included 11 Pseudomonas spp. isolates derived from poultry meat, for which we assessed growth, motility, stability of bacterial suspensions, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance. The results revealed differences at both the molecular and physiological levels. While genes provide a foundation for understanding physiological traits, the mere presence of specific genes did not correlate clearly with the observed physiological differences. These findings highlight that our molecular analysis alone is insufficient to fully explain bacterial physiological properties. A more comprehensive understanding requires further investigation of physiological characteristics and gene expression under varying environmental conditions.
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