Introduction: Postpartum contraception is crucial for preventing overly frequent pregnancies that lead to too short birth intervals, which can be dangerous for both the pregnant woman and the fetus. A breastfeeding woman decides together with her gynecologist on a contraceptive method that suits her wishes and preferences and is safe for use during breastfeeding. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work is to present different methods of contraception that are available to women during breastfeeding, to explore their reliability and suitability, and what the role of the nurse is in counseling and choosing an appropriate contraceptive method. Methods: In the diploma work, a descriptive work method was used with a literature review on the topic of contraceptive methods during breastfeeding. The search for appropriate literature was carried out in the bibliographic databases CINAHL Ultimate, PubMed, and COBIB in the period from November 2024 to June 2025. Results: Ten articles were included in the final analysis. During breastfeeding, the use of combined hormonal contraception is not recommended due to a possible influence on breastfeeding or on the growth and development of the baby. There may also be an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis in the woman. In addition to natural methods of contraception, progestogen contraception, intrauterine device, barrier contraception, the lactational amenorrhea method, and in exceptional cases, emergency contraception, are also safe for use during breastfeeding. If a woman wishes to prevent pregnancy using the lactational amenorrhea method, certain criteria must be met for the method to be effective. It is important that counseling on postpartum contraception is carried out already during pregnancy and that the woman does not feel forced to use contraception. Discussion and conclusion: Various methods of contraception are available to women that do not affect breastfeeding itself or the growth and development of the baby. During counseling, it is necessary to provide the woman with support and take her principles into account. It is important to ensure autonomy, which enables good reproductive health for the woman. Information must be individually tailored to the woman or the couple, as only in this way can we ensure that the woman will use contraception consistently and correctly, thereby ensuring higher effectiveness of the method
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