Testiranje stabilnosti hidrolatov alepskega bora (Pinus halepensis) in sladkega pelina (Artemisia annua)

Vrščaj, Ida (avtor), Kočevar Glavač, Nina (mentor), Ratajc, Petra (komentor)

Hidrolati, imenovani tudi hidrosoli, cvetne ali rožne vode, so destilati z raztopljenimi majhnimi količinami hlapnih snovi, kar jim da biološko aktivnost in specifične organoleptične lastnosti. Uporabljajo se v aromaterapiji, v kozmetični in prehrambeni industriji, vse več pa se raziskuje tudi njihova uporaba v farmacevtski industriji. Kljub rastočemu zanimanju za hidrolate ostajajo njihove sestava, lastnosti in predvsem stabilnost slabo raziskane. Namen našega dela je bil sistematično proučiti vpliv različnih pogojev shranjevanja na stabilnost hidrolatov alepskega bora in sladkega pelina. Hidrolate smo pridobili z vodno destilacijo, izvedli pa smo tudi destilacijo s Clevengerjevo aparaturo. Pri tem smo za vsako rastlino pridobili po dve eterični olji in dve vodni fazi. V začetni točki smo analizirali hidrolat, obe eterični olji, kondenzirano vodno fazo Clevengerjeve destilacije ter heksanski in etilacetatni izvleček hidrolata. Stabilnosti hidrolatov smo spremljali pet mesecev v različnih materialih (steklo, PE, HDPE, aluminij), pri različnih temperaturah (sobna temperatura, temperatura hladilnika, 40 °C) ter spremljali vpliv svetlobe. Mesečno smo hidrolatom izmerili pH in z GC-MS analizirali njihovo sestavo. S pomočjo umeritvenih krivulj standardnih spojin smo izračunali koncentracije posameznih spojin, ki so bile v hidrolatih prisotne v najvišjem deležu. Ugotovili smo, da so se vsi analizirani produkti, pridobljeni v začetni točki, med sabo razlikovali. Hidrolat alepskega bora je vseboval štiri spojine: linalol, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol in fenetil izovalerat, katerih koncentracije so bile dokaj stabilne v obdobju petih mesecev. Hidrolat sladkega pelina je vseboval več spojin v višjih koncentracijah, prevladovala sta artemisia keton in evkaliptol. V tem hidrolatu pa so koncentracije v petih mesecih občutno padle. Za shranjevanje hidrolatov so se za najbolj primerne izkazale ovojnine iz stekla in aluminija, pri temperaturi hladilnika in sobni temperaturi. Na podlgai naših rezultatov smo ugotovili, da shranjevanje v plastični ovojnini (PE in HDPE) in pri 40 °C ter na svetlobi ni optimalno.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: hidrolati, stabilnost, hlapne spojine, GC-MS, Pinus halepensis, Artemisia annua
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Leto izida: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-169383
• Datum objave v RUL: 27.05.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Stability testing of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) and sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) hydrolates

Izvleček

Hydrolates, also known as hydrosols or floral waters, are distillates containing small amounts of dissolved volatile compouds, which provide organoleptic properties and biological activity. They are used in aromatherapy, cosmetic and food industries, their application is increasingly being explored in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite the growing interest in hydrolates, their composition, properties and especially their stability remain poorly studied. The aim of our work was to systematically study the influence of storage conditions on the stability of aleppo pine and sweet wormwood hydrolates. We carried out two distillations, water distillation and distillation using Clevenger apparatus, yielding two essential oils and two water phases for each plant. In the starting point we analyzed both essential oils, water phases and hydrolate extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate). The stability of hydrolates was monitored over five months in different materials (glass, PE, HDPE, aluminium), at different temperatures (room temperature, refrigerator temperature, 40 °C) and under light exposure. Monthly, we measured pH of hydrolates and analyzed their composition using GC-MS. Using standards, we calculated the concentrations of the most abundant compounds present in hydrolates. We found out that all analyzed products obtained at starting point differed in composition. Aleppo pine hydrolate contained four compounds: linalool, terpinen-4ol, α-terpineol and isovalerate phenethyl, the concentrations of which were fairly stable over five-month period. Sweet wormwood hydrolate contained a greater number of compounds in higher concentrations, with artemisia ketone and eucalyptol as predominant compounds. In this hydrolate concetrations dropped significantly in all storage conditions over the five months. For storing hydrolates, glass and aluminium containers proved to be the most suitable, particularly at refrigerator and room temperature. Based on our results, we conclude that storage in plastic packaging (PE, HDPE) and at 40 °C or under light exposure is not optimal.

• Ključne besede: hydrolates, stability, volatile compounds, GC-MS, Pinus halepensis, Artemisia annua