Quantum origin of Ohm’s reciprocity relation and its violation: conductivity as inverse resistivity

Frangi, Giorgio (avtor), Grozdanov, Sašo (avtor)

Conventional wisdom teaches us that the electrical conductivity in a material is the inverse of its resistivity. In this work, we show that, when both of these transport coefficients are defined in linear response through the Kubo formulas as two-point correlators of conserved currents in quantum field theory, this Ohm’s reciprocity relation is generically violated in theories with dynamical electromagnetism. We then elucidate how in certain special limits (e.g., in the dc limit in the presence of thermal effects, in certain 2+1⁢d conformal theories, and in holographic supersymmetric theories) the reciprocity relation is reinstated as an emergent property of conductive and resistive transport. We also show that if the response of a material is measured with respect to the total electric field that includes quantum corrections, then the reciprocity relation is satisfied by definition. However, in that case, the transport coefficients are given by the photon vacuum polarization and not the correlators of conserved currents that dominate the hydrodynamic macroscopic late-time transport.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: electrical conductivity, electrical resistivity, quantum physics, field theory
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FMF - Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: Str. 056010-1-056010-8
• Številčenje: Vol. 111, iss. 5
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-167793
• UDK: 53
• ISSN pri članku: 2470-0010
• DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.111.056010
• COBISS.SI-ID: 228678403
• Datum objave v RUL: 12.03.2025

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Physical review
• Skrajšan naslov: Phys. rev., D
• Založnik: American Physical Society
• ISSN: 2470-0010
• COBISS.SI-ID: 29757223

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: električna prevodnost, električna upornost, kvantna fizika, teorija polja

Projekti

• Financer: UKRI - UK Research and Innovation
• Številka projekta: ST/T00388X/1
• Naslov: From quantum chaos to collective transport in plasmas

• Financer: ARIS - Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: N1-0245-2023
• Naslov: Kvantni kaos v relativističnih plazmah