Analiza kemijske sestave izbranih rastlinskih olj ter vrednotenje njihovih učinkov in vitro na rast človeških keratinocitov in fibroblastov

Poljšak, Nina (avtor), Kočevar Glavač, Nina (mentor), Jeras, Matjaž (komentor)

Koža je kompleksen organ, ki opravlja številne funkcije. Pri obnovi kože, zlasti njenemu celjenju, ključno vlogo igrajo keratinociti in fibroblasti. V tem procesu ima lahko pomembno vlogo tudi ustrezna uporaba rastlinskih olj, ki zaradi svoje sestave izkazujejo protimikrobne in protivnetne učinke ter antioksidativno aktivnost. Z raziskovalnim delom smo želeli razjasniti učinke izbranih rastlinskih olj na fibroblaste in keratinocite in vitro ter s tem ovrednotiti potencialne vplive rastlinskih olj po dermalnem nanosu na kožo. Osredotočili smo se na maščobnokislinski del trigliceridov in neumiljive snovi. Izbrana so bila rastlinska olja z različno maščobnokislinsko sestavo: kokosovo, olivno, lipovo, makovo, ognjičevo, laneno olje in olje granatnega jabolka. Vsa navedena olja smo ovrednotili z analizo maščobnokislinske sestave s plinsko kromatografijo, sklopljeno z masno spektrometrijo (GC-MS), analizo kemijskih števil po farmakopejskih metodah, analizo neumiljivih snovi z GC-MS ter z ugotavljanjem antioksidativne aktivnosti z metodo DPPH. Vplive izbranih olj na celično rast in migracijo in vitro smo ovrednotili z uporabo testov za ugotavljanje obsega proliferacije celic človeške keratinocitne linije NCTC 2544 in primarnih človeških fibroblastov ter zapiranja definirane, umetno ustvarjene vrzeli s celicami NCTC 2544. Analize so pokazale raznolike kemijske lastnosti. Olivno in laneno olje sta imeli visoko antioksidativno aktivnost, medtem ko so celični testi pokazali različne vplive olj na proliferacijo keratinocitov in fibroblastov. Olje granatnega jabolka je zaviralo rast celic, medtem ko so olja z esencialnimi maščobnimi kislinami, kot so makovo, lipovo, laneno in ognjičevo olje, pokazala pozitiven učinek na rast celic. Tudi posamezne maščobne kisline so imele raznolike učinke. Ugotovljena je bila pomembnost kombinacije linolne in oleinske kisline za spodbujanje proliferacije. Pridobljeni rezultati kažejo na pomembnost poznavanja kemijske sestave rastlinskih olj, saj se ta zaradi naravne variabilnosti lahko med seboj močno razlikujejo. Izsledki raziskav predstavljajo osnovo za nadaljnje poglobljene raziskave in dajejo podlago za z dokazi podprto uporabo rastlinskih olj za terapevtske in kozmetične namene na osnovi kemijske sestave.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: rastlinska olja, maščobnokislinska sestava, neumiljive snovi, fibroblasti, keratinociti, lipovo olje, ognjičevo olje
• Vrsta gradiva: Doktorsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Leto izida: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-167338
• Datum objave v RUL: 16.02.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Chemical composition analysis of selected vegetable oils and evaluation of their in vitro effects on growth of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts

Izvleček

The skin is a complex organ that performs numerous functions. Keratinocytes and fibroblasts play a key role in skin regeneration and wound healing. Due to their composition, vegetable oils exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to clarify the effects of selected vegetable oils on fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro, thereby assessing their potential impact on skin when applied dermally. We focused on the fatty acid composition of triglycerides and unsaponifiable compounds. The selected plant oils, each with a distinct fatty acid composition, included coconut, olive, linden, poppy, marigold, linseed, and pomegranate seed oil. These oils were evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyse fatty acid composition, Pharmacopoeial methods for determining chemical values, GC-MS for unsaponifiable compounds, and the DPPH method for antioxidant activity. The effects of selected oils on cellular growth and migration in vitro were evaluated using cell proliferation tests on human keratinocyte line NCTC 2544, primary human fibroblasts, and the gap closure assay in NCTC 2544 cell cultures. The analyses revealed varied chemical properties. Olive and flaxseed oils demonstrated high antioxidant activity, while cell assays showed diverse effects of oils on the proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Pomegranate seed oil inhibited cell growth, while oils high in essential fatty acids, such as poppy, linden, linseed, and marigold, showed positive effects on cell growth. Individual fatty acids also displayed varied effects, and the combination of linoleic and oleic acid was identified as particularly important for promoting proliferation. The results highlight the importance of understanding the chemical composition of vegetable oils, as natural variability can lead to significant differences in their effects. Our findings provide a foundation for further research and evidence-based support for the therapeutic and cosmetic use of vegetable oils based on their chemical profiles.

• Ključne besede: vegetable oils, fatty acid composition, unsaponifiable matter, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, linden seed oil, marigold seed oil