Introduction: Brain injuries encompass any damage to brain tissue that causes disruptions in normal brain function. They are classified into acquired brain injuries, which occur after birth, and congenital injuries, which are present from birth. Acquired brain injuries cover a wide range of impairments, such as difficulties with movement, perception, cognitive functions, emotional changes, and behavioral problems. These injuries represent a serious medical and social issue, as approximately one-third of individuals with brain injuries experience long-term consequences in physical, cognitive, and behavioral domains. Rehabilitation of these individuals is crucial for improving their integration into everyday life. This process usually requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving collaboration among various professionals, such as occupational therapists, doctors, physiotherapists, speech therapists, psychologists, and social workers. Occupational therapists play a significant role in rehabilitation, aiming to reduce limitations and enable participation in meaningful occupations. To assess motor, process, and social interaction skills, which are key to an individual's independence and quality of life, they use meaningful occupations.
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to explore what is currently known about the involvement of occupational therapists in the cognitive rehabilitation process of individuals with acquired brain injuries. Methods: A literature review was conducted, following the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in databases such as CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, and OTseeker. The articles were evaluated based on their relevance and level of evidence. Results: Occupational therapists play a key role in the rehabilitation process of individuals with acquired brain injuries in the cognitive domain, helping individuals restore lost functions, develop new strategies for managing cognitive deficits, and improve their quality of daily life. The importance of an interdisciplinary approach and cooperation with family members to achieve better rehabilitation outcomes was emphasized.
Discussion and Conclusion: Occupational therapy is important for the successful rehabilitation of individuals with acquired brain injuries, as working within an interdisciplinary team allows for a holistic approach to the individual and provides them with appropriate support in adapting to new life circumstances. The role of occupational therapists in such rehabilitation teams requires further in-depth research in the future, which will also facilitate the development of training programs for occupational therapists in this field.
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