Vpliv cepljenja in dodajanja biostimulanta na kakovost pridelka paradižnika ob pomanjkljivi oskrbi s hranili

Selan, Regina (avtor), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

V diplomskem poskusu, ki je potekal od maja do septembra 2023 v rastlinjaku na laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani, smo proučevali vpliv cepljenja in tretiranja z biostimulantom na blažitev posledic pomanjkanja mineralnih hranil pri paradižniku. V poskus smo vključili cepljene in necepljene rastline sorte paradižnika 'Rally F1', ki smo ga cepili na podlagi dveh sort 'Vigoterra' (R×V) in 'Optifort' (R×O). Kontrolne rastline so prestavljale necepljene rastline sorte ‘Rally F1’ (R). Rastline so bile posajene v lonce, napolnjene s perlitom in postavljene na banjice s Hoagland Arnonovo hranilno raztopino. Poskus smo zasnovali v 3 oz. 4 ponovitvah. Obravnavanja z različno koncentracijo hranilne raztopine so bila: 100-% količina hranil (100 %+0), zmanjšana količina hranil (60-%+0) in zmanjšana količina hranil + tretiranje z biostimulantom (60-%+B). Rastline smo 1-krat tedensko tretirali z biostimulantom na osnovi hidroliziranih proteinov (Delfan Plus), v koncentraciji 0,1 %. Na posamezni banjici smo imeli po dve rastlini iz obravnavanj R, R×V in R×O. Skupaj smo imeli 10 banjic. Tehnološko zrele plodove smo pobirali od 7.8. do 8.9. 2023. Skupaj smo imeli 5 pobiranj. Poleg štetja in tehtanja tržnih in netržnih plodov smo vzorčili tudi po 6 plodov na obravnavanje za meritve morfoloških lastnosti in barve plodov ter vsebnosti skupnih topnih snovi. Kljub zmanjšani količini hranil v hranilni raztopini so imele rastline bujno rast, temno zelene liste in niso kazale simptomov pomanjkanja hranil. V času trajanja poskusa so bile v rastlinjaku ekstremno visoke temperature zraka in visoka relativna zračna vlaga, kar je prispevalo k množičnemu pokanju kožice na plodovih paradižnika. Zato je bil delež netržnih plodov skrajno velik, 70-% pri R×O in 95-% pri R. Zmanjšanje hranil v hranilni raztopini je prispevalo k manjšemu pridelku tako cepljenih kot tudi necepljenih rastlin. Tretiranje z biostimulantom ni imelo vpliva na zmanjšanje količine netržnih plodov tako pri cepljenih kot tudi pri necepljenih rastlinah. Zmanjšanje količine hranil v hranilni raztopini je pri necepljenih rastlinah vplivalo na morfološke lastnosti plodov. Ti so imeli večjo maso, predvsem na račun manjšega števila plodov na rastlino. Pri zmanjšani količini hranil v hranilni raztopini smo dobili plodove, ki so bili slabše obarvani, a*/b* indeks je bil 0,7 pri R×V in 0,96 pri necepljenih rastlinah. Tretiranje z biostimulantom ni imelo pomembnega vpliva na obarvanost plodov.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: paradižnik, cepljene sadike, biostimulant, hidroponski sistem, hranilna raztopina
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162615
• COBISS.SI-ID: 209002755
• Datum objave v RUL: 26.09.2024

SELAN, Regina, 2024, Vpliv cepljenja in dodajanja biostimulanta na kakovost pridelka paradižnika ob pomanjkljivi oskrbi s hranili [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 5 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=162615

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effect of grafting and the addition of biostimulant on the yield quality of tomatoes under nutrientdeficiency

Izvleček

In the experiment, which was conducted from May to September 2023 in a greenhouse in the laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana, the effect of grafting and treatment with biostimulants on the mitigation of mineral nutrient deficiency in tomatoes was investigated. The experiment included grafted and ungrafted plants of the tomato variety ‘Rally F1’, which were grafted onto two rootstocks, the varieties 'Vigoterra' (R×V) and 'Optifort' (R×O). The ungrafted plants of the variety ‘Rally F1’ represented the control plants (R). For the hydroponic experiment, the plants were planted in pots filled with perlite and placed on tubs filled with the Hoagland-Arnon nutrient solution. The experiment was set up in 3 or 4 replicates. The treatments with different concentrations of nutrient solution were: 100% nutrient concentration (100 %+0), reduced nutrient concentration in the nutrient solution (60 %+0) and reduced nutrient concentration in the nutrient solution + biostimulant treatment (60 %+B). The plants were treated once a week with a biostimulant (foliar application) based on hydrolyzed proteins (Delfan Plus) at a concentration of 0.1%. For treatments R, R×V and R×O, we have two plants per tub. In total, there were 10 tubs of nutrient solutions. The technically ripe fruits were harvested from Aug 7 to Sept 8 2023. Total there were 5 harvests. In addition to counting and weighing the marketable and non-marketable fruits, six samples per treatment were taken to measure the morphological characteristics and colour of the fruit skin as well as the total soluble solids content. Despite the reduced amount of nutrients in the nutrient solution, the plants had vigorous growth, dark green leaves and no symptoms of nutrient deficiency. During the experimental period, the air temperature and relative humidity were extremely high, resulting in massive cracking of the tomato fruit skin. As a result, the percentage of unmarketable fruit was extremely high, 70-% for R×O and 95-% for R. The reduction of nutrients in the nutrient solution contributed to lower yields in both grafted and ungrafted plants. Treatment with biostimulants had no effect on reducing the amount of unmarketable fruit in either grafted or ungrafted plants. The reduction of nutrients in the nutrient solution affected the morphological characteristics of the fruits in the ungrafted plants, which had a higher fruit mass, mainly due to the lower number of fruits per plant. The reduced nutrient solution resulted in less coloured fruits with an a*/b* index of 0.7 for R×V and 0.96 for the non-grafted plants. Treatment with biostimulant had no significant effect on fruit colour.

• Ključne besede: tomato, grafted plants, biostimulants, hydroponic system, nutrient solution