Uporaba encimov v prehrani perutnine

Štrancar, Svit (avtor), Salobir, Janez (mentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je pregled literature o uporabi encimov v prehrani perutnine, opisati namen, učinkovitost in smiselnost uporabe najpogosteje rabljenih encimov, kot so encimi za razgradnjo neškrobnih polisaharidov, encimi za razgradnjo fitatov, encimi za razgradnjo maščob in beljakovin. Dodajanje encimov pripomore k izboljšanju zdravstvenega stanja živali in prebave, boljši izkoristljivosti hranil, hitrejši rasti, izboljšanju higiene v hlevu, izboljšanju zdravstvenega stanja ter zmanjšanju pogina. V krmo se dodaja eksogene encime, ki jih živali ne proizvedejo dovolj, ali jih ne morejo proizvesti same. Pri perutnini so to predvsem encimi za razgradnjo neškrobnih polisaharidov: ksilanaze in β-glukanaze ter fitaze. Z dodatkom teh encimov se izboljša dostopnost hranil in prebavljivost krme, zmanjša pa se viskoznost črevesne vsebine, kar pomeni, da hranila hitreje potujejo do mesta absorpcije. Delovanje encimov za razgradnjo maščob in beljakovin je pri perutnini manj raziskano. Dodajanje fitaz pripomore k izboljšanju izkoristljivosti rastlinskega fosforja in zmanjša potrebe po dodajanju anorganskih fosfatov ter tako vodi do zmanjšanega izločanja fosforja. Dodajanje encimov je najučinkovitejše pri mladih živalih, saj so takrat prebavila še nerazvita in se težje prilagajajo spremembam.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: prehrana živali, perutnina, encimi
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162385
• COBISS.SI-ID: 208688387
• Datum objave v RUL: 22.09.2024

ŠTRANCAR, Svit, 2024, Uporaba encimov v prehrani perutnine [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 3 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=162385

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Use of enzymes in poultry feed

Izvleček

The aim of this B. Sc. thesis is to review the existing literature on the use of enzymes in poultry feed and to describe the purpose, effectiveness and importance of the most commonly used enzymes such as enzymes for the degradation of non-starch polysaccharides, phytates, lipids and proteins. The addition of enzymes contributes to better feed conversion, better utilisation of nutrients, higher daily weight gain, improved barn hygiene and consequently better animal health, which is also reflected in a lower mortality rate. The animals are not able to produce some of the enzymes themselves, or they do not produce enough enzymes. The most commonly used enzymes in poultry are the enzymes for the breakdown of non-starch polysaccharides: xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase. The addition of these enzymes improves the accessibility of nutrients and the digestion of the feed, which is reflected in a decrease in intestinal viscosity. That means that nutrients reach the absorption site faster. Enzymes for the breakdown of lipids and proteins have been less studied. The supplementation of the enzyme phytase is important for better utilisation of the phosphorus present in the plants and reduces the need to add inorganic phosphates. Enzyme supplementation is most effective when poultry are young, as their digestive organs are not yet fully developed and have difficulty adapting to changes.

• Ključne besede: animal nutrition, poultry, enzymes