Identifikacija lesa iz dveh kozolcev v vasi Ratje : diplomski projekt

Končar, Mitja (avtor), Čufar, Katarina (mentor), Humar, Miha (recenzent)

V sodelovanju s konservatorsko službo ZVKDS OE Novo mesto in na osnovi predhodnega dendrokronološkega datiranja, smo izbrali po en reprezentativen starejši in mlajši kozolec v vasi Ratje. Papežev toplar je bil prvič postavljen konec 18. stoletja, Blatnikov toplar pa po koncu 19. stoletja. Cilji raziskave so bili določiti in poimenovati sestavne dele kozolca in mesta za odvzem lesa, opraviti identifikacijo lesa in ugotoviti ali se izbor lesnih vrst pri starejšem in mlajšem toplarju razlikuje. Les smo s pomočjo ključev identificirali makroskopsko in v zahtevnejših primerih mikroskopsko. Na Papeževem toplarju smo naredili 111 identifikacij. Določili smo 5 lesnih vrst in ugotovili, da je 33 elementov iz hrastovine (Quercus sp.), 56 iz topolovine (Populus sp.), 13 iz bukovine (Fagus sylvatica), 6 iz smrekovine (Picea abies) in 3 iz jelovine (Abies alba). Hrastovino so uporabili za izpostavljene in mehansko obremenjene dele, topolovino in bukovino pa za dele kozolca, ki niso izpostavljeni vlagi. Na Blatnikovem toplarju smo opravili 128 identifikacij in ugotovili, da je prav tako sestavljen iz 5 lesnih vrst. Prevladovala je hrastovina, iz katere je bilo narejenih 115 elementov. Ugotovili smo še 3 elemente iz lesa smreke, 7 iz lesa hruške (Pyrus sp.), 2 iz topolovine in 1 iz češnjevine (Prunus avium). Poleg naštetega je imel Papežev toplar 56 lat, ki so bile večinoma iz lesa jelke in Blatnikov prav tako 56 lat, ki so bile večinoma iz lesa smreke. Late so bile v času obstoja kozolcev verjetno večkrat zamenjane.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: kozolec, toplar, les, identifikacija, raba, hayrack, toplar, wood, identification, use
• Vrsta gradiva: Delo diplomskega projekta/projektno delo
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: M. Končar
• Leto izida: 2011
• Št. strani: VIII, 33 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159181
• UDK: 630*811
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1958537
• Datum objave v RUL: 02.07.2024

KONČAR, Mitja, 2011, Identifikacija lesa iz dveh kozolcev v vasi Ratje : diplomski projekt [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. Ljubljana : M. Končar. [Dostopano 21 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=159181

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Identification of wood species from two double hayracks in Ratje village : B. Sc. thesis

Izvleček

In cooperation with the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage (ZVDKS), Novo mesto unit, and based on previous dendrochronological dating, we selected 2 representative double hayracks in Ratje village, Slovenia. The older Papež's hayrack was first built at the end of the 18th century and the younger Blatnik's at the end of the 19th century. The objectives of this project were to define and name the elements of the hayracks, to determine the places to collect wood samples, to perform wood identification, and to findout whether the selection of timber species varied between 2 hayracks. Wood was identified macroscopically or microscopically by using identification keys. We made 111 identifications in the Papež's double hayrack. We determined 5 wood species and found that 33 elements were made of oak (Quercus sp.), 56 of poplar (Populus sp.), 13 of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica), 6 of spruce (Picea abies) and 3 of silver fir (Abies alba). Oak was used for the exposed and loaded parts, whereas poplar and beech were used for the parts that were not exposed to moisture. On the BlatnikŽs double hayrack 128 identifications were made and 5 wood species identified. Oak with 115 elements predominated. Furthermore, 3 elements were made of spruce, 7 of pear (Pyrus sp.), 2 of poplar and 1 of cherry (Prunus avium) wood. In addition to the above the older hayrack contained 56 elements in Slovenian language named "late" which were mainly made of fur wood. Also the younger hayrack contained 56 such elements, but they were mostly made of spruce wood. These elements were most likely replaced several times during the existence of the hayracks.