The aim of master's thesis was to discover the influence of technical performance of single leg countermovement (CMJ) and standing long jump (SVD) on jump height or length. Eighty professional athletes participated in the study (age 22 ± 4; body mass 90,8 ± 10 kg; height 189,8 ± 5,6 cm). The measurement protocol consisted of six CMJ jumps and six SVD jumps, three with each leg. The performance of all tests was recorded in the lateral and frontal planes, and their analysis was then performed in the Kinovea program. Using t-test for independent samples, we found statistically significant differences between the legs in the results of height and length of jumps, as well as a difference in kinematic variables at CMJ in the frontal plane at trunk tilt and at SVD in the lateral plane at knee angle, take-off angle, shin angle and in the frontal plane at the pelvis-torso angle. Using multiple regression, we found that a lower inclination of the thigh in the frontal plane of the dominant leg means a better result of the CMJ test and that a smaller take-off and hip angle as well as a greater inclination of the trunk in the lateral plane results in a better outcome of the SVD length. A better result of the SVD test with the non-dominant leg is influenced by a smaller take-off and knee angle as well as a greater inclination of the trunk in the frontal plane and inclination of the tibia in the lateral plane (all p > 0.05). The technical performance of the one-legged jump affects the length of the jump. To improve the performance of the one-legged CMJ, it is recommended to practice the technical execution of the jump with an emphasis on the elimination of valgus at the knee in the push-off phase, and in the case of SVD, emphasis should be on lowering the take-off angle and on the explosive use of the hip joint in the horizontal direction. Additional attention is advised in eliminating the differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg in terms of ankle mobility, valgus position of the knee in the push-off phase along with asymmetries of the hip and trunk muscles. In practice we recommend, not only to train jumping, but to carefully analyse important body segments with simple technologies, as the effective technical execution and sufficient strength of the athlete can together lead to better performance in sport disciplines.
|