Razvoj umetnega usnja iz rastlinskih odpadkov

Primožič, Ivi (avtor), Ostojič Sedonja, Katarina (avtor), Gorjanc, Marija (mentor)

Namen diplomske naloge je bil raziskati razvoj umetnega usnja iz odpadnega rastlinskega materiala po postopku, ki ne vključuje sintetičnih spojin in je najmanj škodljiv okolju. Odpadni rastlinski materiali, uporabljeni za izdelavo umetnega usnja, so bili listi octovca, koščica avokada, lupina granatnega jabolka in korenika japonskega dresnika. Izdelava umetnega usnja je vključevala pripravo rastlinskega ekstrakta, dodatek zgostila, plastifikatorja in tekstilije. Na končnem kompozitu (umetno usnje) je bil proučen vpliv nefiltriranega in filtriranega rastlinskega ekstrakta, tri vrste zgostila (100 % agar, mešanica agarja-maltodekstrina (30/70) in natrijev alginat), temperatura sušenja (sobna temperatura ter temperaturi 50 °C in 70 °C) ter dodatek tekstilije. V poskusih izdelave kompozita z agarjem so bili uporabljeni tudi dodatki, kot sta hitozan in mleta jajčna lupina. Dodatek tekstilije je bil proučen z namenom povečanja stabilnosti kompozita, uporabljene so bile bombažna tkanina, liocelna vlaknovina in zmleta odpadna konopljina vlakna. Ugotavljali smo obstojnost kompozitov v vodi, obstojnost na detergente in krčenje. Iz najbolj optimalne recepture je bil izdelan večji format kompozita, ki je bil sestavljen iz filtriranega ekstrakta olupkov granatnega jabolka, glicerina, natrijevega alginata in s tekstilno podlago iz mercerizirane bombažne tkanine. Z namenom predstavitve uporabnosti novega materiala je bila po principu oblikovanja in izdelave usnjenih izdelkov izdelana manjša torbica.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: biorazgradljvi odpadki, umetno usnje, bio-kompozit, modni dodatek
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: NTF - Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149661
• COBISS.SI-ID: 170173699
• Datum objave v RUL: 08.09.2023

PRIMOŽIČ, Ivi in OSTOJIČ SEDONJA, Katarina, 2023, Razvoj umetnega usnja iz rastlinskih odpadkov [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 11 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=149661

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Development of artificial leather from plant waste

Izvleček

The purpose of the thesis was the development of artificial leather from waste plant material using a process that does not include synthetic compounds and is the least harmful to the environment. The waste plant materials used to make artificial leather were staghorn sumac leaves, avocado pits, pomegranate peels and Japanese knotweed rhizomes. The production of artificial leather included the preparation of a plant extract, the addition of thickener, plasticizer and textiles. The study investigated the influence of various factors, including the use of unfiltered and filtered plant extract, three types of thickeners (100% agar, agar-maltodextrin mixture (30/70), and sodium alginate), different drying temperatures (room temperature, 50 °C, and 70 °C), and the incorporation of textiles, on the final composite (artificial leather). Additives such as chitosan and ground eggshell were also used in attempts to make an agar-based composite. The addition of textiles was studied in order to increase the stability of the composite. The textiles used included cotton fabric, lyocell fabric, and ground waste hemp fiber. The durability of the composites in water, the resistance to detergents and shrinkage were also determined. A larger format of the composite was made from the most optimal recipe. The material was composed of a filtered extract of pomegranate peels, glycerine, sodium alginate, and a textile base made of mercerized cotton fabric. To demonstrate the usefulness of the new material, a small bag was made following the principles of designing and manufacturing leather products.

• Ključne besede: biodegradable waste, artificial leather, bio-composite, fashion accessory