Medicines are products that are used to treat, prevent or identify diseases. They consist of one or more active ingredients and auxiliary substances. They are subject to strict requirements, as each drug must be effective, high-quality and safe for the user. Therefore, I decided to analyze the compositions of various oral powders using the X-ray powder diffraction method and compare the results with the declarations.
I analyzed 14 samples of oral powders, of which eight were expertly produced, and the rest were generic. Master preparations are manufactured in pharmacies and are adapted to the individual patient according to the doctor's instructions, while generics are produced in larger pharmaceutical factories and are available in pharmacies without a prescription. The main purpose was to identify the crystalline phases found in oral powders on the basis of powder pattern. I was interested in the differences between magisterial and genericlly produced powders and powders containing the same substance. I have found that the composition of expertly produced powders is simpler than generically produced ones, and the most frequently used auxiliary substance is lactose. Generically produced ones are more complex with more crystalline substances present. I did not manage to identify some samples in their entirety, because the concentration of substances in them was too low and therefore they were not visible on the diffractogram, or their structure is not completely known and it was not possible to draw a diffractogram according to the structural formula of the compound. When compared to the declaration, however, all ingredients are adequate.
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