Primerjava ureditve funkcije predsednika republike v Sloveniji in na Češkem

Kofol, Andraž (avtor), Bardutzky, Samo (mentor)

Osrednji problem, ki ga na primeru slovenske in češke ustavne ureditve analizira diplomsko magistrsko delo, je vprašanje sposobnosti avtonomne razlage postavljenega prava s strani predsednika republike kot enega izmed najvišjih državnih organov. Njegovo delovno področje preko definiranja njegovih pristojnosti ureja postavljeno pravo. Slednjega sestavljajo abstraktne pravne norme, ki so napisane v pravniškem jeziku, zaradi česar je opredelitev njihovega resničnega pomena mogoča šele z uporabo ustrezne razlage. To za predsednika republike pomeni, da se ob izvrševanju svojih pristojnosti neizogibno srečuje s potrebo po opredelitvi pomena relevantnih pravnih norm. V ustavnih sistemih, ki temeljijo na načelu delitve oblasti, noben državni organ ne more imeti moči, da bi po uradni dolžnosti avtoritativno določal pravilno razlago vseh pravnih norm. Zaradi tega je predsednik republike znotraj procesa uporabljanja postavljenega prava tega primoran tudi samostojno razlagati. Pričujoče delo tako v teoretični razpravi dokazuje, da v češkem in slovenskem ustavnem sistemu obstaja področje postavljenega prava, ki ga šef države avtonomno razlaga ter da hkrati obstajajo tudi pravni mehanizmi, s katerimi njegovo razlagalno dejavnost nadzorujejo drugi državni organi. Med njimi osrednjo vlogo zaseda ustavno sodišče, ki je edino sposobno predsedniku republike vsiliti svojo razlago pravnih norm in na ta način zožiti meje področja postavljenega prava, ki ga ta lahko avtonomno razlaga. Diplomsko magistrsko delo nato izsledke teoretične razprave potrdi še z analizo normativnega položaja ter prakse opravljanja funkcije predsednikov republike obeh držav.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Češka, delitev oblasti, doktrina političnih vprašanj, predsednik republike, pristojnosti ustavnega sodišča, razlaga, ustavno pravo, ustavno primerjalno pravo, Slovenija.
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PF - Pravna fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-147188
• COBISS.SI-ID: 160858115
• Datum objave v RUL: 24.06.2023

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Comparison of the function of the president of the republic in Slovenia and in the Czech Republic

Izvleček

The central issue that the master's thesis is exploring on the example of the Slovenian and Czech constitutional systems is the ability of the President of the Republic to autonomously interpret the established law. The President's exercise of power is strictly governed through the definition of his competences by established law, which consists of abstract legal norms. The latter are written in legal language, which means that their true meaning can only be discerned through appropriate legal interpretation. For the President's exercise of his powers this entails the need to define the true meaning of the applicable legal norms. In constitutional systems based on the principle of separation of powers, no state organ can have the power to ex officio authoritatively determine the correct interpretation of all legal norms. For this reason, the President of the Republic is forced to independently interpret the established law within the process of applying it. In the theoretical part of this master's thesis, the author proves that in the Czech and Slovenian constitutional systems there exists an area of established law that is autonomously interpreted by the head of state. However, its interpretative activity can be monitored by other state organs by relying on certain legal mechanisms. The central position among them is reserved by the Constitutional Court, which is the only state organ with the power to impose its own interpretation of legal norms on the President of the Republic and thus narrowing the boundaries of the area of established law that the President can autonomously interpret. The master's thesis then confirms the results of the theoretical discussion by analyzing the normative position and historical practice of the Slovenian and Czech presidents.

• Ključne besede: Czech Republic, separation of powers, political question doctrine, President of the Republic, powers of the Constitutional Court, interpretation, constitutional law, constitutional comparative law, Slovenia.