The aim of the thesis was to optimize the use of autophagy assay kit for detection of autophagosomes in yeast S. cerevisiae and to determine the intensity of the autophagy in yeast cells in different growth phases. We determined that the YPD medium is not suitable for tracking the autophagy with beforementioned kit and SDC medium is. In lag and exponential growth phase the process of autophagy in yeast is almost undetectable, when the culture reaches stationary growth phase, the intensity of autophagy reaches it's peak and when the cells reach the death phase, the intensity of autophagy is lower than in stationary phase but nevertheless higher than those in lag and exponential growth phase. Next we performed a simulation of ageing of a multicellular organism on a yeast model and determined the effect of royal jelly (RJ) on autophagy and chronological life span (CLS). We determined that yeast, that were exposed 48 hours to RJ in concentrations of 1 g/L, 0,1 g/L and 0,01 g/L had increased autophagy and the concentration of cells also declined slower in cultures, exposed to all three concentrations of RJ. Preliminary results of this research show that by influencing autophagy in yeast cells with RJ, their CLS can be influenced (because of the evolutionary conserved regulatory processes perhaps also in human cells), however the intertwining of the autophagy and CLS extention is nevertheless poorly explored and significantly complex, thus further research is neccesary for better understanding of the process.
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