The paper is based on archival records, legal bases and printed sources, and its purpose is to present the conceptual basis of social policy, the role and content of social welfare, the first forms of social work and methods of training for this type of work in Slovenia in the early years after the Second World War. Under socialism, the state took over the social welfare, but initially it was not yet able to provide social assistance to everyone who needed it. The state also appointed the ‘mass organisations’, especially the Women’s Anti-Fascist Front. From 1945 to 1949, a social political school operated at the ministry responsible for social affairs to provide professional and political training for new “social workers” as quickly as possible
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