Astrocytes in stress accumulate lipid droplets

Smolič, Tina (avtor), Tavčar Verdev, Petra (avtor), Horvat, Anemari (avtor), Černe, Urška (avtor), Halužan Vasle, Ana (avtor), Tratnjek, Larisa (avtor), Erdani-Kreft, Mateja (avtor), Scholz, Nicole (avtor), Matis, Maja (avtor), Petan, Toni (avtor), Zorec, Robert (avtor), Vardjan, Nina (avtor)

When the brain is in a pathological state, the content of lipid droplets (LDs), the lipid storage organelles, is increased, particularly in glial cells, but rarely in neurons. The biology and mechanisms leading to LD accumulation in astrocytes, glial cells with key homeostatic functions, are poorly understood. We imaged fluorescently labeled LDs by microscopy in isolated and brain tissue rat astrocytes and in glia-like cells in Drosophila brain to determine the (sub)cellular localization, mobility, and content of LDs under various stress conditions characteristic for brain pathologies. LDs exhibited confined mobility proximal to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum that was attenuated by metabolic stress and by increased intracellular Ca$^{2+}$, likely to enhance the LD-organelle interaction imaged by electron microscopy. When de novo biogenesis of LDs was attenuated by inhibition of DGAT1 and DGAT2 enzymes, the astrocyte cell number was reduced by ~40%, suggesting that in astrocytes LD turnover is important for cell survival and/or proliferative cycle. Exposure to noradrenaline, a brain stress response system neuromodulator, and metabolic and hypoxic stress strongly facilitated LD accumulation in astrocytes. The observed response of stressed astrocytes may be viewed as a support for energy provision, but also to be neuroprotective against the stress-induced lipotoxicity.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: astrocytes, stress stimuli, metabolism, adrenergic receptors, lipid droplets, metabolic stress, hypoxic stress, noradrenaline
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: MF - Medicinska fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2021
• Št. strani: Str. 1540-1562
• Številčenje: Vol. 69, iss. 6
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-144756
• UDK: 616-092
• ISSN pri članku: 0894-1491
• DOI: 10.1002/glia.23978
• COBISS.SI-ID: 52537347
• Datum objave v RUL: 10.03.2023

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Glia
• Skrajšan naslov: Glia
• Založnik: Wiley
• ISSN: 0894-1491
• COBISS.SI-ID: 14837721

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Nekomercialno-Brez predelav 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: Najbolj omejujoča licenca Creative Commons. Uporabniki lahko prenesejo in delijo delo v nekomercialne namene in ga ne smejo uporabiti za nobene druge namene.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: astrociti, stresni dražljaji, presnova