Children's drawings in the preschool period are of inestimable value, because the child expresses himself through drawing and shows in a very simple way what he does not yet know or cannot say. In the theoretical part of this dissertation titled Comparison of the depiction of human and animal figures in the preschool period, I introduced the artistic expression of children as one of the most common, natural and direct ways of communicating with the environment, through which an adult can gain a good insight into the child's personality characteristics, motor skills, perception, thinking and emotional experience of the child. I have described the four stages of development of a child's drawing, what is the role of an adult in this, and what things need to be paid attention to when analyzing children's art products. I presented children's drawing from a psychological point of view and some of the most used art psychological tests.
In the empirical work, I researched how the development of drawing human and animal figures takes place in children between 3 and 6 years of age. I investigated at what age children portray a recognizable human and recognizable animal figure, which differs more intensively from the human figure. I paid attention to which and how many components, typical of human and animal figures, the children add to their drawing. The research showed that already at the age of three they draw a recognizable human figure. They mainly draw cephalopods, but some also draw figures with heads, torsos, arms and legs. Drawing the figure of a dog presents a slightly greater challenge to children, and their drawings showed that at the age of four, the animal figure begins to differ more intensively from the human figure and contains components characteristic of a dog, e.g. tail, ears or snout.
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