Lastnosti in uporaba hericenonov, erinacinov in polisaharidov glive resasti bradovec (Hericium erinaceus)

Jelševar, Urška (avtor), Humar, Miha (mentor)

Hericium erinaceus je ena iz med pogosto uporabljenih jedilnih in zdravilnih gob. Najbolj znan je v Aziji. Ima visoko hranilno vrednost, poleg tega sintetizira širok spekter sekundarnih metabolitov. Namen diplomske naloge je bil analizirati sekundarne metabolite glive Hericium erinaceus in ovrednotiti njihov biotehnološki potencial. Osredotočila sem se na hericenone, erinacine in polisaharide. Erinacini so se izkazali uporabni pri duševnih motnjah; izboljšujejo simptome depresije preko povečanja sinteze živčnih rastnih faktorjev, vplivajo tudi na Parkinsonovo in Alzheimerjevo bolezen. Pri modelih ishemične možganske kapi so ugotovili, da ima micelij obogaten z erinacini zmožnost zmanjšati apoptozo nevronov in obseg, ki ga kap doseže. Hericenon B deluje kot inhibitorji agregacije trombocitov in s tem preventivno/terapevtsko vpliva na različne žilne bolezni. Različne hericenone so indentificirali kot ihibitorje lipaz in s študijami na mišjih modelih pokazali delovanje proti debelosti. Številne raziskave potrjujejo, da hericenoni in polisaharidi delujejo antikarcenogeno. Znana je tudi imunoregulatorna aktivnost polisaharidov - stimulirajo proliferacijo T in B limfocitov ter sekrecijo interlevkina-2, interlevkina-4 in interferona-γ. Delujejo še antioksidativno, hepatoprotektivno, nevroprotektivno, antihiperglikemično in hipolidemično, pozitivno učinkujejo na gastrointestinalni trakt, preprečujejo utrujenosti. Omenjeni metaboliti naj bi bili varni za tako prehranske dodatke kot tudi za farmacevtsko uporabo z minimalnimi stranskimi učinki, potrebno bi bilo le večje sprejemanje iz strani Zahodne medicine.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: zdravilne glive, resasti bradovec, Hericium erinaceus, sekundarni metaboliti, prehranska dopolnila
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-140110
• COBISS.SI-ID: 125325315
• Datum objave v RUL: 11.09.2022

JELŠEVAR, Urška, 2022, Lastnosti in uporaba hericenonov, erinacinov in polisaharidov glive resasti bradovec (Hericium erinaceus) [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 3 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=140110

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF HERICENONES, ERINACINS AND POLYSACCHARIDES OF Hericium erinaceus

Izvleček

Hericium erinaceus is one of the widely used edible and medicinal mushrooms, primarily in Asian countries. It has a high nutritional value, and it also synthesizes a huge number of structurally different secondary metabolites. The purpose of my thesis was to analyze secondary metabolites of the fungus Hericium erinaceus and to evaluate its biotechnological potential. The focuse was on hericanones, erinacins and polysaccharides. Erinacins have proven themselves to be useful for mental disorders; they improve the symptoms of depression by increasing the synthesis of nerve growth factors, they also affect Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In ischemic stroke models, they found that mycelium enriched with erinacins has the ability to reduce neuronal apoptosis and the extent to which stroke occurs. Hericenon B acts as platelet aggregation inhibitor and thus has a preventive/therapeutic effect on many vascular diseases. Various hericenones have been identified as lipase inhibitors and have shown anti-obesity activity in mouse models. Many studies confirm that hericenones and polysaccharides have an anticarcinogenic effect. The immunoregulatory activity of polysaccharides is also known - they stimulate the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes and the secretion of interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interferon-γ. They also possess antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activity, have a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and prevent fatigue. These metabolites are said to be safe for both pharmaceutical use and dietary supplements with minimal side effects, all that is needed is greater acceptance by Western medicine.

• Ključne besede: medicinal fungi, Hericium erinaceus, secondary metabolites, dietary supplements