Vrednotenje enodružinske hiše po shemi Active House s poudarkom na kazalnikih kakovosti notranjega okolja : diplomska naloga št.: 218/OG-MO

Rojec, Anže (avtor), Dovjak, Mateja (mentor), Markelj, Jernej (komentor)

Dandanes se beseda trajnostnost pogosto uporablja na različnih področjih in eno izmed teh je tudi gradbeništvo. Trajnostna gradnja objekta obsega projektiranje, gradnjo in vzdrževanje v celotnem življenjskem ciklu, v katerem so medsebojno uravnoteženi vsi štirje vidiki: zdravstveni, socialni, okoljski in finančni. Samo trajnost stavbe je mogoče tudi ovrednotiti z različnimi metodami, ki so bile razvite v tujini in so običajno prilagojene nacionalnim zahtevam držav izvora. V Sloveniji še nimamo uveljavljene in zakonsko zahtevane metode za ocenjevanje trajnosti stavb, zato je kot potencialno primerna metoda predstavljena shema Active House, s katero je izvedena analiza trajnostne gradnje na primeru enodružinske hiše. Metoda vključuje različne kazalnike trajnostne gradnje, ki pokrivajo tri glavna področja: ugodje uporabnika, raba energije in zaščita okolja. Zaključno delo, se osredotoča na ugotavljanje ustreznosti izbranih kazalnikov kakovosti notranjega okolja, ki se nanašajo na svetlobno okolje, toplotno ugodje, kakovost notranjega zraka in akustično ugodje. Kot je ugotovljeno v analizi dnevne osvetljenosti prostorov, ki smo jo izvedli s pomočjo meritev na terenu in simulacijo s programom VELUX Daylight Visualizer, prostori v izbranem objektu niso ustrezno osvetljeni (simulirane vrednosti: od 64,5 lx do 1260,9 lx, povprečna vrednost 233,7 lx, izmerjene vrednosti: od 74,9 do 445,4 lx, povprečna vrednost 245,6 lx). Prav tako smo s pomočjo meritev na terenu analizirali toplotno ugodje in kakovost notranjega zraka ter ju primerjali s kriteriji Active House. Kakovost notranjega zraka ni bila ustrezna (izmerjene vrednosti CO2: od 410 ppm do 2539 ppm, povprečno 1077 ppm), kar lahko pripišemo neprimerno nastavljeni stopnji prezračevanja in filtrom, ki so potrebni čiščenja oziroma zamenjave. Izbrane parametre akustičnega ugodja smo izmerili v obravnavanih prostorih in ugotovili, da ustrezajo kriterijem (izmerjena raven hrupa je znašala 33,4 dB). Na podlagi rezultatov smo določili tudi nabor sprememb, ki bi pripomogle k izboljšanju trajnosti obravnavane stavbe. Ti sta predvsem: redna menjava filtrov po navodilih proizvajalca in povečanje količine svežega zraka ob prezračevanju. Predstavljeni pristop nam služi kot zgled za oceno drugih kriterijev sheme Active House, ki se nanašajo na rabo energije in varovanje okolja. Vse predlagane izboljšave imajo uporabno vrednost tudi za uporabnika stavbe.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: gradbeništvo, diplomska naloga, VSŠ, GR, GR-OG, trajnostnost, trajnostni razvoj, trajnostna gradnja, metode vrednotenja trajnosti, Active House, kakovost notranjega okolja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [A. Rojec]
• Leto izida: 2022
• Št. strani: XVIII, 65 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139972-d14d91e9-7701-f386-2dd1-226b1990e561
• UDK: 332.6:697(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 124929027
• Datum objave v RUL: 09.09.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Evaluation of a single-family house according to the Active House scheme with an emphasis on indicators of the indoor environmental quality : graduation thesis no.: 218/OG-MO

Izvleček

Nowadays, the term sustainability is often used in various fields, including construction. Sustainable building construction incorporates design, construction and maintenance throughout the life cycle, where all four aspects are balanced: health, social, environmental and economic. Sustainability alone can also be evaluated using methods such as BREEAM, LEED, DGNB and LEVELS, developed abroad and adapted to countries national requirements. In Slovenia, we do not have a developed national method for assessing sustainability, so the Active House scheme is presented as a potentially suitable method, for analysing sustainable construction in the case of a single-family house. The method includes various indicators of sustainable construction, covering three main areas: user comfort, energy use and environmental protection. The final work focuses on determining the appropriate quality of selected indicators in the indoor environment, which relates to the daylight, thermal environment, indoor air quality and acoustic comfort. As found in the analysis of daylight, which was performed using measurements and simulation with VELUX Daylight Visualizer, the rooms in selected buildings are not adequately lit (simulated values: from 64.5 lx to 1260,9 lx, average value 233,7 lx, measured values: from 74.9 to 445.4 lx, average value 245.6 lx). We also used field measurements to analyse thermal comfort and indoor air quality and compare it with Active House criteria. The indoor air quality was not adequate (measured CO2 values: from 410 ppm to 2539 ppm, average 1077 ppm), which can be attributed to the inappropriately adjusted level of ventilation and filters that need cleaning or replacement. The parameters of acoustic comfort were measured and meet the criteria (the measured noise level was 33.4 dB). Based on the results, we also identified a set of improvements that would help improve the sustainability of construction. These are mainly regular replacement of filters by the listed manufacturers and an increase in the amount of fresh air for ventilation. The presented approach is an example for assessing other criteria of the Active House scheme, which refer to energy use and environmental protection. All the proposed improvements are also helpful for building users.

• Ključne besede: graduation thesis, civil engineering, sustainability, sustainable development, sustainable construction, sustainability performance, methods for assessing the sustainability performance of building, Active House, indoor environmental quality