AIS data vulnerability indicated by a spoofing case-study

Androjna, Andrej (avtor), Perkovič, Marko (avtor), Pavic, Ivica (avtor), Mišković, Jakša (avtor)

This paper takes a close look at the landscape of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) as a major source of information for maritime situational awareness (MSA) and identifies its vulnerabilities and challenges for safe navigation and shipping. As an important subset of cyber threats affecting many maritime systems, the AIS is subject to problems of tampering and reliability; indeed, the messages received may be inadvertently false, jammed, or intentionally spoofed. A systematic literature review was conducted for this article, complemented by a case study of a specific spoofing event near Elba in December 2019, which confirmed that the typical maritime AIS could be easily spoofed and generate erroneous position information. This intentional spoofing has affected navigation in international waters and passage through territorial waters. The maritime industry is neither immune to cyberattacks nor fully prepared for the risks associated with the use of modern digital systems. Maintaining seaworthiness in the face of the impact of digital technologies requires a robust cybersecurity framework.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: Automatic Identification System, AIS, cybersecurity, anomaly detection, spoofing, maritime situational awareness, safety of navigation
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FPP - Fakulteta za pomorstvo in promet
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2021
• Št. strani: 25 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 11, iss. 11, art. 5015
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135429
• UDK: 656.6:004.056
• ISSN pri članku: 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app11115015
• COBISS.SI-ID: 69578499
• Datum objave v RUL: 14.03.2022

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Applied sciences
• Skrajšan naslov: Appl. sci.
• Založnik: MDPI
• ISSN: 2076-3417
• COBISS.SI-ID: 522979353

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.
• Začetek licenciranja: 01.06.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: AIS, sistemi za avtomatsko prepoznavanje, kibernetska varnost, zaznavanje anomalij, varnost plovbe, lažna prikazovanja

Projekti

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: L7-1847
• Naslov: Razvoj trajnostnega modela rasti "zelenega pristanišča"

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P2-0394
• Naslov: Modeliranje in simulacije v prometu in pomorstvu