Proposing urothelial and muscle in vitro cell models as a novel approach for assessment of long-term toxicity of nanoparticles

Skočaj, Matej (avtor), Bizjak, Maruša (avtor), Strojan, Klemen (avtor), Lojk, Jasna (avtor), Erdani-Kreft, Mateja (avtor), Miš, Katarina (avtor), Pirkmajer, Sergej (avtor), Bregar, Vladimir Boštjan (avtor), Veranič, Peter (avtor), Pavlin, Mojca (avtor)

Many studies evaluated the short-term in vitro toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs); however, long-term effects are still not adequately understood. Here, we investigated the potential toxic effects of biomedical (polyacrylic acid and polyethylenimine coated magnetic NPs) and two industrial (SiO$_2$ and TiO$_2$) NPs following different short-term and long-term exposure protocols on two physiologically different in vitro models that are able to differentiate: L6 rat skeletal muscle cell line and biomimetic normal porcine urothelial (NPU) cells. We show that L6 cells are more sensitive to NP exposure then NPU cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an uptake of NPs into L6 cells but not NPU cells. In L6 cells, we obtained a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation after 24 h. Following continuous exposure, more stable TiO$_2$ and polyacrylic acid (PAA) NPs increased levels of nuclear factor Nrf2 mRNA, suggesting an oxidative damage-associated response. Furthermore, internalized magnetic PAA and TiO$_2$ NPs hindered the differentiation of L6 cells. We propose the use of L6 skeletal muscle cells and NPU cells as a novel approach for assessment of the potential long-term toxicity of relevant NPs that are found in the blood and/or can be secreted into the urine.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: nanotoxicology, in vitro L6 rat skeletal muscle cell line, urothelium in vitro, differentiation, cell signaling, ROS
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko; MF - Medicinska fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2020
• Št. strani: 23 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 21, iss. 20, art. 7545
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-134469
• UDK: 577
• ISSN pri članku: 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207545
• COBISS.SI-ID: 32522243
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.01.2022

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: International journal of molecular sciences
• Skrajšan naslov: Int. j. mol. sci.
• Založnik: MDPI
• ISSN: 1422-0067
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2779162

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.
• Začetek licenciranja: 13.10.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: nanotoksikologija, in vitro L6 mišična celična linija, urotelij, diferenciacija, celična signalizacija, ROS