Introduction: The number of children with special needs, which are included in regular preschool programs in Slovenia and around the world, is increasing. Development clinics, which help children with special needs, enable individual treatment to children in an unknown environment. We can enable better chances of developmental progress with an occupational therapeutic treatment in preschool environment, which is well-known to children. Preschool environment also enables us to have a better insight into their everyday functioning, interaction with other children and their play development. Purpose: Our main purpose was to research, how occupational therapeutic treatment in preschool can contribute to children's development. We wanted to see, how it affects children's close and extended environment, their parents, preschool teachers and school readiness. We also researched, which models, approaches and strategies are used by an occupational therapist while treating preschool children. Methods: The thesis is based on a systematic literature review. The literature review was conducted in the DiKul database, which included Web of Science, Taylor&Francis Online, OT Seeker and Crossref databases. We narrowed the search results based on the PRISMA method. Results: There were 10 research papers included in the final analysis of this paper. Occupational-therapeutic intervention in preschool impacts the development of several skills in children with and without developmental obstacles, it also has a positive impact on children's school readiness, their peers, preschool teachers and parents. It enables the occupational therapist to have a better insight into children's abilities, skills and needs, so they can plan a more effective and successful intervention. Risks in development deviation are not conditioned only by medical diagnoses, but can also be affected by family economic standard and family climate. Discussion and conclusion: The opportunity of occupational therapeutic treatment in preschool can enable better and faster development, school readiness and inclusion among their peers for children. Occupational therapist can educate preschool teachers about strategies of working with children with special needs and children with developmental or other deficits and they can give suggestions about adjusting the environment and materials in preschool. They can also relieve the children's parents by enabling occupational therapeutic treatment in the morning, so that parents and their children can dedicate their afternoons to playing and spending time with their family, not to constant driving to treatments and other examinations.
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