In the first few paragraphs of my diploma work I present different types of pericyclic reactions, that are supported with schemes. Thereafter, I focus on the main theme of my work, which is connected to cycloaddition reactions. Specifically, I focus on the Diels–Alder reaction, where I describe the types of compounds that can engage in the reaction and elaborate on a few of their characteristics, that are mainly connected to their reactivity. I also dedicate a few paragraphs to regio- and stereoselectivity of these reactions and also include a short paragraph describing Woodward–Hoffmann rules that describe their theoretical background.
After literary overview comes the second important chapter, namely, synthesis of natural
compounds, where I firstly present the compound taxol with an older and a more contemporary example of its synthesis. Following that are four modern examples of natural compound synthesis, where the Diels–Alder reaction appears in key steps of the synthetic sequence. Important parts of the synthetic protocols are supported by schemes. The next paragraph is dedicated to pyranones, where I briefly present both regioisomers and point out a few differences between them. In continuation I describe 4 different examples of natural compound synthesis, in which pyranone or their derivatives are present as essential ingredients. In the last paragraph I briefly describe a few of the important 2H-pyran-2-ones, that can be found in nature.
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