In thise thesis we wanted to prove the influence of horizontal or lateral refraction on measured horizontal direction in the tunnel. At the begining the location of the tunnel is briefly described and some of its basic tehnical characteristics. Vertical and lateral refraction are presented. Lateral refraction is the basis for this thesis. Instruments and accessories we used while measuring geodetic netword are described as well.
After general explanation, the execution of measurement, the method of measurement and processing of measurement data are described (calculating set of angles, reduction of measured lengths, calaculation of accuracy of all measurements. Procedures for calculating two versions of geodetic polygons and leveling a geodetic network are described. Graphically and numericaly, the difference between the two polygons and the geodetic network is shown, calculated on the basis of the last point of the polygon or geodetic network. At the end, the findings and suggestions on how to choose the best version of the polygon or geodetic network are presented.
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