Pomen igre z vrstniki za dobro počutje družine : diplomsko delo

Karner, Maja (avtor), Gričar, Nevenka (mentor), Oven, Alenka (recenzent)

Uvod: Igra je pomembna za otrokov telesni, socialni, čustveni in kognitivni razvoj in počutje. Otroka vabi v interakcijo z drugimi ljudmi in ponuja različne načine ukvarjanja z otrokom. Socialna igra se pojavi že pri dojenčku in se nato razvija od družabnega nasmeha do igre z vrstniki. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati pomen igre z vrstniki za otrokov razvoj, kakšno vlogo imajo pri igri starši in vrstniki ter kako prikrajšanje za igro vpliva na otrokovo vedenje in razvoj. Ugotoviti smo želeli, kako je prikrajšanje za igro z vrstniki v izjemnih razmerah med epidemijo COVID-19 spomladi 2020 vplivalo na otroka ter njegovo vedenje in igro. Metode dela: Na spletni anketni vprašalnik so odgovarjali starši predšolskih otrok, ki so bili v spomladanskih mesecih 2020 stari med 3 in 6 let. Vseboval je vprašanja zaprtega in odprtega tipa. Rezultati: Anketni vprašalnik je izpolnilo 47 staršev predšolskih otrok. Med otroki je bilo 26 deklic in 21 dečkov. Ugotovili smo, da se je čas za prosto igro med tednom v domačem okolju med epidemijo zaradi virusa COVID-19 pri večini otrok podaljšal na več kot štiri ure dnevno. Spremembo v vedenju otroka je opazila le polovica staršev. Skoraj vsi otroci so svoje prijatelje pogrešali vsaj v nekem obdobju med izrednimi razmerami. Večina staršev je bila dodatnega časa za igro z otroki vesela. Malo manj kot polovica staršev je menila, da je bilo to obdobje tudi stresno zaradi dela od doma, več dela z gospodinjskimi opravili, več otrok, ki so jih potrebovali in dela s šolanjem od doma starejšega otroka. Po mnenju staršev za več kot polovico otrok to obdobje ni bilo stresno ali pa je bilo zanje celo lažje. Razprava in zaključek: Socialna igra je pri otrocih pomembna, saj zmanjšuje stres. Dolgotrajno pomanjkanje igre z vrstniki, ki je lahko posledica epidemije, neugodno vpliva na otrokovo vedenje in duševno zdravje ter privede do depresije, občutkov sovražnosti, agresije in večje možnosti za pojav hiperaktivnosti. Razen enega so vsi otroci v času epidemije pogrešali igro s prijatelji. Skoraj vsi starši so bili veseli dodatnega časa za igro z otroci, vendar je za skoraj polovico bilo to obdobje tudi stresno.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, druženje z vrstniki, razvoj igre, predšolski otroci, COVID-19
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [M. Karner]
• Leto izida: 2021
• Št. strani: 29 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124668
• UDK: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 51026691
• Datum objave v RUL: 06.02.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The importance of playing with peers for well-being of family : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Play is important for a child's physical, social, emotional and cognitive development and well-being. It invites the child to interact with other people and offers different ways of dealing with the child. Social play occurs as early as infancy and then develops from a social smile to play with peers. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to explore the importance of play with peers for children's development, what role parents and peers play in the game and how deprivation of play affects the child's behavior and development. We wanted to find out how the deprivation of playing with peers in exceptional circumstances during the covid-19 epidemic in the spring of 2020 affected the child and his behavior and play. Methods: Parents of pre-school children who were between 3 and 6 years old in the spring months of 2020 answered the online questionnaire. It contained closed-ended and open-ended questions. Results: The survey questionnaire was completed by 47 parents of preschool children. Among the children, there were 26 girls and 21 boys. We found that the time for free play during the week in the home environment during the epidemic due to the COVID-19 virus in most children was extended to more than four hours per day. Only half of the parents noticed a change in the child's behavior. Almost all the children missed their friends at least at some point during the emergency. Most parents were happy to have extra time to play with their children. Slightly less than half of the parents felt that this period was also stressful due to working from home, more work with household chores, more children in need and working with schooling from the home of an older child. According to parents, for more than half of the children, this period was not stressful or even easier for them. Discussion and conclusion: Social play is important for children as it reduces stress. Prolonged lack of play with peers, which can result in an epidemic, adversely affects a child’s behavior and mental health and leads to depression, feelings of hostility, aggression, and an increased chance of hyperactivity. Except one all children missed playing with friends during the epidemic. Almost all the parents were happy for the extra time to play with children but for almost half that period of time was also stressful.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, occupational therapy, socializing with peers, game development, preschool children, COVID-19