Markov chains are Markov processes with finite or countable infinite numbers of states. We can imagine them as a process between states appearing in one of the states S={S_1,S_2,…〖,S〗_k } and then in the next step it moves to another state from the set S with a certain probability. Markov chains can be used in many real processes and one of them is phylogeny. Phylogeny is a field in biology that depicts different groups of organisms through evolution, during which genetic records can occur and that can lead to certain mutations. With the help of Markov chains, we can model the appearance of mutations. In the master thesis, we are going to discuss models of DNA mutation processes. The main purpose of this master thesis is to show readers the applicability of mathematics in other fields.
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