Perovskites are all ABX3 crystal structures, that follow the same three-dimensional structure as calcium titanate (CaTiO3) mineral. According to the selected anion, perovskites are divided into oxide and halide perovskites, which are further subdivided into inorganic and hybrid or organic-inorganic perovskites. Due to the exceptional ferroelectric, magnetic and superconducting properties of inorganic oxide perovskites, this subgroup has been the most studied throughout history. One of the main features of some perovskite structures is the piezoelectric effect, which has many applications in sensors, medicine, automotive industry and elsewhere. The piezoelectric effect occurs in crystals with no inversion symmetry. As a result of an applied mechanical force, electrical charge will generate within the crystal. Since the process is reversible, applied electrical field will result an internal generation of a mechanical strain. The effect is caused by the coupling between the mechanical and electrical energy of the crystal.
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