Pomen prekrivanja tal v pridelavi zelenega šparglja (Asparagus officinalis L.) za rast, razvoj in pridelek

Smolnikar, Eva (avtor), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

Namen poskusa je bil preučiti dva ukrepa za pospešitev rasti pri pridelavi zelenega šparglja ter na osnovi zbranih podatkov podati informacijo o uporabnosti ukrepov za pospeševanje rasti in njihov vpliv na zgodnost pridelka. V poskus smo vključili dve obravnavanji: neposredno prekrivanje tal s polipropilensko prekrivko in postavitvijo nizkih tunelov nad vrsticami špargljišča ter nepokrita tla. Poskus smo izvedli v 4 ponovitvah, po 10 rastlin na ponovitev. Tla so bila neposredno prekrita s polipropilensko prekrivko od začetka marca do vznika prvih poganjkov; nato smo prekrivko odstranili. Od začetka marca 2017 so bili postavljeni nizki tuneli, prekriti s polietilensko prekrivko, visoki 0,5 m in dolgi 5 m. 3. aprila 2017 smo postavili merilce relativne vlage in temperature. V poskus je bila vključena sorta šparglja 'Dariana'. Meritve na rastlinah smo izvajali med 8. in 18. aprilom 2017. Merili smo hitrost rasti poganjkov ter ob pobiranju dolžino, premer in maso tržnega poganjka. Na podlagi rezultatov, ki smo jih pridobili s poljskim poskusom, smo ugotovili, da neposredno prekrivanje tal s polipropilensko prekrivko in prekrivanje z nizkimi tuneli vplivata na dvig talne temperature, v povprečju za 6,1 °C. Prekrivanje z nizkimi tuneli vpliva na mikroklimo, ustvarja višjo relativno zračno vlago (v povprečju za 3,4 %) in višjo temperaturo zraka (v povprečju za 11,9 °C). Vpliva tudi na hitrejšo rast poganjkov, kar se na koncu odrazi v večjem pridelku (na pokritih tleh 244,5 g/m2, na nepokritih 37,9 g/m2). Na pokritih delih nasada se pobiranje poganjkov začne 6 dni prej kot na nepokritih delih in zato se lahko posledično podaljša sezona pobiranja pridelka. Ugodnejša mikroklima pod nizkimi tuneli je omogočila razvoj večjega števila poganjkov, ki so bili večji, debelejši in težji v primerjavi z nepokritimi gredicami.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: vrtnarstvo, zeleni špargelj, Asparagus officinalis L., prekrivanje tal, rast, razvoj
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [E. Smolnikar]
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111044
• UDK: 635.31:631.544.7:631.559(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9300857
• Datum objave v RUL: 22.09.2019

SMOLNIKAR, Eva, 2019, Pomen prekrivanja tal v pridelavi zelenega šparglja (Asparagus officinalis L.) za rast, razvoj in pridelek [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. E. Smolnikar. [Dostopano 4 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=111044

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The effects of bed covering in production of green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) on growth, development and yield

Izvleček

In our research, two measures to stimulate growth in green asparagus production were studied in order to provide information on the usefulness of growth promotion measures and their impact on crop yield. Two treatments were included in the experiment: covering of soil with polypropylene cover and the placement of low tunnels covered with polyethylene above the rows of asparagus and the uncovered rows. The soil was directly covered with polypropylene from the beginning of March until the first shoots emerged. Then, the cover was removed and the low tunnels, 0.5 m high and 5 m long covered with polyethylene were installed (from the beginning of March 2017). A variety of 'Dariana' asparagus was included in the study. The experiment was designed in 4 replicates and 10 plants in one replication. Measurements on plants were performed between April 8 and 18, 2017. During this period, the growth rate of shoots was measured and at harvest, the length, diameter, and mass of individual shoot were measured. Results showed that low tunnels have an effect of increasing the soil temperature by an average of 6.1 °C. Bed covering with low tunnel affected the microclimate creating higher relative air humidity (on average for 3.4%) and higher air temperature (on average for 11.9 °C) and also affects faster shoot growth which resulted in higher yield (on the covered soils 244.5 g/m² and on the uncovered 37.9 g/m²). On the covered parts of the plantation, the harvest of the shoots starts 6 days earlier than on the uncovered parts and as a consequence, the harvesting season can be prolonged. The more favorable microclimate under the low tunnels resulted in a larger number of harvested shoots that were larger, thicker, and heavier in comparison to the uncovered plots.

• Ključne besede: vegetable growing, green asparagus, Asparagus officinalis L., covering beds, growth, development, product