Dejavniki z vplivom na upočasnjevanje krajšanja telomer med staranjem

Kirn, Neža (avtor), Oven, Irena (mentor)

Vsak živ organizem ima določeno biološko dobo, ki mu od trenutka spočetja in rojstva določa kako dolga bo njegova življenjska pot. Povprečna celica se deli približno 50 krat, potem pa sledi senescenca in na koncu celična smrt. Kapaciteta delitev, ki je določena celici je odvisna od telomer, ki se nahajajo na koncih kromosomov oz. bolj natančno od telomerne dolžine. Telomere ščitijo kromosome pred možnimi poškodbami, ko pa pride do popolnega skrajšanja telomerne dolžine, zaščite ni več in pride do apoptoze. Telomere obnavlja encim telomeraza, vendar ni aktiven v vseh celicah. Na dolžino telomer in njihovo ohranjenost pa imajo vpliv tudi drugi dejavniki, kot so okolje, prehrana, življenjske navade, stres itd. Posledično ima vsak posameznik možnost, da zmanjša dejavnike tveganja v svojem življenju in s tem zmanjša pritisk na krajšanje teh ključnih delov celic. Potekajo tudi študije, ki so usmerjene v iskanje možnosti ponovnega podaljšanja telomer. Ena od teh bazira na TERT podenoti telomeraze, ki v modificirani obliki in vstavljena v organizem dokazano lahko podaljša telomere.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: telomere, telomeraza, senescenca, TERT
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [N. Kirn]
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-110436
• UDK: 601.4:576.316(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9364089
• Datum objave v RUL: 14.09.2019

KIRN, Neža, 2019, Dejavniki z vplivom na upočasnjevanje krajšanja telomer med staranjem [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. N. Kirn. [Dostopano 21 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=110436

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Factors that reduce shortening of telomeres during ageing

Izvleček

Every living organism has a certain biological era which determines how long it's life will be. And that happens from the moment of conception and further development in the prenatal era. The average cell divides about 50 times and after that the senescence and apoptosis are inevitable. The proliferative capacity in a cell depends on telomeres, to be more specific, on telomere length. Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that prevent any damages on them, but after they are not present anymore, cells enter the process called apoptosis. The enzyme that elongates telomeres is called Telomerase, however, it is not active in all cell types. Other crucial factors have a big influence on telomere preservation during our lifetime, such as environment, food consumption, lifestyle, stress, etc. At the end of the line, every single man has the ability to at least try to live a healthy lifestyle to preserve the essential parts of our organism and with that possibly elongates his life. Some studies are trying to regenerate telomere length by applying the modified TERT subunit of Telomerase, which is proven to have an ability to regenerate the length of Telomeres for at least a few percent.

• Ključne besede: telomeres, telomerase, senescence, TERT