Hiperakumulacija niklja pri rastlinah

Jamnik, Katja (avtor), Vogel Mikuš, Katarina (mentor)

Nikelj je za rastline esencialno mikrohranilo, ki v je v previsokih koncentracijah za večino rastlin strupen. Določene rastline, ki jim pravimo hiperakumulacijske, pa so sposobne ta element akumulirati v poganjkih v zelo visokih koncentracijah, ne da bi jim to škodilo. Te rastline nikelj iz okolice aktivno prevzemajo, ga naložijo v ksilem, s pomočjo katerega se transportira v nadzemne dele in se nato shrani v metabolno neaktivne predele rastline. Transportni proteini, ki pri tem sodelujejo zaenkrat še niso identificirani. Razvitih je več hipotez o tem, zakaj se je pri nekaterih rastlinah razvila hiperakumulacija kovin in kakšne so njene prednosti, najbolj uveljavljena je hipoteza o obrambi pred škodljivci. Rastline, ki hiperakumulirajo nikelj se preučujejo tudi z vidika uporabe pri fitoremediaciji tal, onesnaženih s kovinami. Hiperakumulacijske rastline so potencialno primerne za fitoremediacijo z nikljem onesnaženih tal, saj imajo veliko sposobnost privzema te kovine iz okolja, poleg tega večji del privzetega niklja shranjujejo v poganjkih.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: nikelj, hiperakumulacijske rastline, fitoremediacija
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109169
• Datum objave v RUL: 24.08.2019

JAMNIK, Katja, 2019, Hiperakumulacija niklja pri rastlinah [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 7 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=109169

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Nickel hyperaccumulation in plants

Izvleček

Nickel is an essential micronutrient for plants, which is in high concentrations toxic for most plants. Certain plants, named nickel hyperaccumulators, can accumulate this element in shoots at very high concentrations without inducing toxic effects. These plants actively take up nickel from the environment, load it into xylem, through which it is transported to the above-ground parts and then stored in metabolically inactive parts of the plant. Transport proteins involved in this process have not yet been identified. Several hypotheses have been developed as to why some heavy metals have developed hyperaccumulation of metals and what are its advantages. The most widely accepted is the defence hypothesis. Nickel hyperaccumulators are also studied for their use in soil phytoremediation contaminated with heavy metals. Nickel hyperaccumulators are potentially suitable for phytoremediation with nickel-contaminated soils because they have a great capability to absorb this heavy metal from the environment, and in addition, most of the accumulated nickel is stored in the shoots.

• Ključne besede: nickel, hyperaccumulating plants, phytoremediation