The antibiotic resistance of bacteria is a widely known issue in clinical environments, thus, it has been researched thoroughly. Less attention has been given to the bacterial resistance in non clinical environment, in communities such as schools, kindergardens, recreational sites and domestic environments. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to detect the presence of resistant bacteria on clothes of childcare workers, to identify them and to which antibiotics they are resistant to, which resistance genes they are carrying and possibly sharing among suscceptable bacteria. This thesis aims to prove the presence of MRSA, VRE and ESBL. Methods: We isolated strains of different bacterial groups on selective or differential mediums from the swabs of a preliminary study. Therefore, we isolated resistant strains of enterococci, staphylococci, Gram-negative bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae) and Bacillus cereus group. Gram-negative bacilli were identified by using commercial kit API® ID strip, strains of B. cereus group by PCR method and staphilococci by MALDI-TOF method and commercial kit API® ID strip. Strain identification was not performed on enterococci. Antibiotic susceptibillity testing was performed for each group by the disc diffusion method, combined disc method, gradient diffusion method or microdilution method. The resistance of th strains was also evaluated through gene sequencing of beta-lactamases and carbapenemases. Results: We managed to isolate two strains of ESBL Gram-negative bacilli, 21 ESBL strains of B. cereus group that also showed resistance to some other antibiotics, four strains of MRSA and VISA, 23 strains of MRS, 13 strains of VIS and no VRE, although some enterococci proved resistant to other antibiotics. No strain proved multiple resistance to antibiotics. Discussion and conclusion: The thesis proves occurrence of clinically important, resistant bacteria (such as ESBL, MRSA, MRS, etc.) on clothes of childcare workers. The results indicate the spread of bacterial resistance out of clinical environment. These findings ought to be a base of concern and necessary measures required to prevent further spreading of resistant bacteria outside clinical environments. Thus, the necessity for further research should not be neglected.
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