Introduction: Low back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder, which is generally known to be associated with physical, biological, psychosocial, genetical and environmental risk factors. Spine is the most important segment for the overall stability of the body. Passive system (bones and joints) and active system (muscles) are necessary, when we are talking of body stability. With prolonged sitting the muscle activity is minimal, so the load normally transfers to the local soft tissues. Forces on the spine are the result of the posture of the spine, muscle activity and passive support. Each posture, that an individual maintains for a long time, leads to the feeling of inconvenience and pain. There had been disagreements about what is an optimal sitting position, but most of researchers were clear and consistent with recommendations, that repeatedly changing the position of the posture is necessary when prolonged sitting. Purpose: To prove or justify that the presented risk factors of sedentary office work are related with nonspecific low back pain, based on domestic and foreign literature review. Methods: The descriptive approach included the systematic collection and analysis of professional and scientific literature, both domestic and foreign. Literature was selected by the following selective criteria: Slovenian and English language, the ability to access the full text, the period between 2000 and 2017, type of pain - nonspecific low back pain, office workers or people with sedentary work type. Results: The thesis includes 11 studies, 3 of them are systematic reviews of randomized studies, in which it is discussed only sedentary work and its factors as a risk for low back pain. 8 randomized studies of foreign authors were also included. A summary of the results of most studies shows that certain factors of sedentary work may affect nonspecific low back pain. Discussion and conclusion: The authors agree, that different sitting positions means different load on the spine and different activation of torso muscles. It is advised holding a neutral posture, while sitting for purpose of avoiding a potentially caused pain at the end range of motion. Neutral posture should also facilitate the activation of the major muscles of the trunk. After the review of literature, it can be summarized, that we should take in consideration all risk factors and investigated the impact of individual factors have, when talking about nonspecific low back pain. Low back pain is a multidimensional problem, whereby we can not only consider the sedentary position, but also physical, biological, psychosocial, genetic and environmental factors.
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