Introduction: Well-controlled diabetic adult patients were three times less likely to have periodontal disease than those with diabetes. Also, the glycated hemoglobin level correlates with the severity of periodontal disease. Otherwise, in a patient with periodontal disease, C-reactive protein levels are higher compared to healthy patients. Hence, the control of chronic periodontal disease is mandatory for achieving long-term control of diabetes, defined by the reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels.
Objectives: to evaluate glycemic levels and periodontal parameters of healthy and type 2 diabetic Kosovo patients after non-surgical periodontal therapy and extraction of periodontally compromised teeth or teeth extraction alone.
Material and Methods: Any partial edentate patients with at least one hopeless tooth to be extract, matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were considered eligible for this study. Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were collected to clustered patients in diabetic mellitus (DM) type 2 patients and non-diabetic patients. The cut-off value used to clustered patients with diabetes was HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and hsCRP ≥1.5 %. Then, patients were randomly allocated to the treatment (non-surgical periodontal therapy before extraction of periodontally compromised teeth, test groups) and control group(extraction of periodontally compromised teeth alone, control groups). Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were collected at baseline and 3 months after treatment.
Results: HbA1c and hs-CRP decreased significantly in the diabetic groups and decreased more markedly when FM-SRP was added to tooth extraction (P<0.001). For ND patients, all of the examined periodontal parameters were in favor of the combination therapy (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Non-surgical periodontal treatment can help improve the outcome of surgical periodontal procedures by reducing systemic inflammatory status and improve glucose metabolism.
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