Ribe kot pokazatelj ekološkega stanja voda po Direktivi 2000/60/EC

Zavodnik, Kaja (avtor), Toman, Mihael Jožef (mentor)

Direktiva 2000/60/EC (Vodna direktiva) je eden ključnih dokumentov v EU, ki ureja varstvo voda. Glavni cilj Direktive je doseči vsaj dobro ekološko stanje vseh voda v Uniji. Ribe so eden izmed bioloških elementov, ki jih Direktiva zahteva pri oceni ekološkega stanja. V Sloveniji se je leta 2017 razvila (še nepotrjena) metoda vzorčenja rib z elektroizlovom v pasovih, ki je razvita v skladu z vodili Direktive in omogoča primerjavo z drugimi državami članicami. Direktiva se je pri nas dobro implementirala in se uporablja v skladu s smernicami. Izbrana metoda se je uporabila tudi pri ihtiološki študiji reke Mure v okviru celostne presoje vplivov na okolje pri gradnji HE Hrastje Mota na Muri. To gradnjo sem vzela kot primer uporabe rib za določanje ekološkega stanja ter vpliva hidromorfoloških sprememb na ribe. HE bo imela izrazito negativne posledice tako na ribe kot na ostale biološke elemente kakovosti v vodi ter na organizme na kopnem, zato se mi zdi gradnja HE neprimerna. Okoljska poročila podajajo oceno D za HE, kar pomeni, da bo gradnja mogoča le v primeru, da Dravske elektrarne Maribor dosežejo prevlado druge javne koristi nad javno koristjo ohranjanja vode. Menim, da javna korist energetike v tem primeru ne bi smela prevladati nad ohranjnanjem reke Mure kot edinstvene reke v Sloveniji.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Vodna direktiva, ribe, tekoče vode, klasifikacija, metodologija, dobro ekološko stanje, Dravske elektrarne, HE Hrastje Mota
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101609
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4737615
• Datum objave v RUL: 21.06.2018

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Fish as indicators of ecological status of water based on Directive 2000/60/EC

Izvleček

Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive) is one of the key documents in EU about guarding the waters. The main goal of the Directive is to achieve at least good ekolocigal status of all waters in the Union. Fish are one of biological factors whose use the Directive demands in the assessment of ecological status. In Slovenia, methodology for sampling fish was developed in 2017 (so far not officialy approved) and is in accordance with demands of the Directive. Fish are sampled in lines with electrofishing. That method also enables comparison with other member states. Directive is implemented good in Slovenia and is used in accordance with the guidelines. That method was also used in ichtiologic research of river Mura during complete assessment of impact on the environment for construction of hydro power plant (HP) Hrastje Mota on river Mura. This potential construction was taken as a case study of using fish for determining ecological status of the river and the influence of hydromorfological changes on fish. HP would have extremely negative consequences on fish, as well as on other organisms in water and on land, which is why I find it inappropriate to build HP. Environmental reports give HP an assessment D. I think that Mura is such an uniqe river, not only in Slovenia but in Europe, that such hydromorfological impacts shoudn't be allowed.

• Ključne besede: Water Framework Directive, fish, rivers, classification, methodology, good ecological status, Drava powerplant