Vrednotenje fiziološkega stanja posevkov koruze (Zea mays L.) ob različni razpoložljivosti vode

Pečan, Urša (avtor), Vodnik, Dominik (mentor), Kump, Bojka (komentor)

Zaradi podnebnih sprememb se kmetijska suša pojavlja pogosteje in je intenzivnejša. V Sloveniji je suši podvržen zlasti severovzhodni del, ki je kmetijsko najbolj produktiven. V nalogi smo spremljali fiziološki odziv koruze (Zea mays L.) na pomanjkanje vode. Rezultati poljskih meritev bodo osnova za vrednotenje vegetacijskih indeksov, pridobljenih z daljinskim zaznavanjem. V okolici Murske Sobote smo z meritvami RWC, Fv/Fm in vrednostjo SPAD spremljali fiziološki odziv rastlinskih posevkov koruze glede na teksturo tal (lahka – težka) ter na vpliv namakanja (namakano – nenamakano). Preliminarne meritve smo dvakrat izvedli že v letu 2016, vendar na poskusnih površinah ni bil uporabljen isti hibrid, zato rezultati niso medsebojno primerljivi. V letu 2017 smo meritve izvedli trikrat, dvakrat v juliju in enkrat v avgustu. Ugotovili smo, da namakanje bistveno izboljša fiziološke parametre rastlin ne glede na teksturo tal. Z lončnim poskusom smo ovrednotili odvisnost vodnega potenciala od relativne vsebnosti vode ter spremljali stomatalne in nestomatalne omejitve fotosinteze ob padajoči vsebnosti talne vlage. Ugotovili smo, da je v razmerah pomanjkanja vode pri hibridu ˈP0216ˈ glavni omejitveni dejavnik fotosinteze zmanjšana prevodnost listnih rež. Menimo, da so izmerjeni fiziološki parametri posevkov iz Prekmurja, uporabni za validacijo in kalibracijo vegetacijskih indeksov pridobljenih z daljinskim zaznavanjem.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: koruza, fiziologija rastlin, suša, sušni stres, fotosinteza, namakanje
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [U. Pečan]
• Leto izida: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101574
• UDK: 633.15:581.1:631.432.2:632.112(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8992377
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.06.2018

PEČAN, Urša, 2018, Vrednotenje fiziološkega stanja posevkov koruze (Zea mays L.) ob različni razpoložljivosti vode [na spletu]. Magistrsko delo. U. Pečan. [Dostopano 8 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=101574

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Evaluation of the physiological state of filed maize (Zea mays L.) populations with different water availability

Izvleček

Due to climate change, agricultural drought is becoming more frequent and severe. In northeastern part of Slovenia, which is agriculturally the most productive region of the country, the occurrence of drought is quite common. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the physiological response of maize (Zea mays L.) to water stress. The results of field measurements will be used for the evaluation of vegetation indices obtained by remote sensing. In field experiments which were conducted in the area of Murska Sobota, we were evaluating the physiological response of filed grown maize to different soil textures and irrigation regimes, with measurements of RWC, Fv/Fm and SPAD value. In the year of 2016 we have conducted a preliminary measurements, but since maize genotype was not homogeneous across all studied plots, we were not able to compare the results and make any solid conclusions. In the year of 2017 we have conducted measurements three times, twice in July and once in August. We have concluded that irrigated crops were in much better physiological condition regardless of the soil texture. In a greenhouse pot experiment, we have exposed plants to drought conditions, evaluated the dependency of Ψ to RWC and monitored stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis. Our results showed that the main obstacle of insufficient rate of photosynthesis in maize hybrid ˈP0216ˈ, exposed to water stress is reduced stomatal conductivity. We consider that the measured physiological parameters gained in Prekmurje are useful for the validation and calibration of vegetation indices obtained by remote sensing.

• Ključne besede: maize, plant physiology, drought, water stress, photosynthesis, irrigation