Ocena znanja o temeljnih postopkih oživljanja s strani članov koronarnega kluba : poročilo o raziskavi

Krivec, Simona (avtor), Sotler, Robert (mentor), Kramar, Janez (komentor)

Uvod: Nenaden srčni zastoj je eden izmed vodilnih vzrokov smrti v razvitih državah. 69,4 % srčnih zastojev se zgodi doma, v 54,3 % primerih vpričo očividcev, ki bi lahko žrtev oživljali. Vsako minuto, ko očividec ne oživlja, se verjetnost, da bo oseba preživela, zmanjša za 10 %. Če pa očividec oživlja, se verjetnost preživetja poveča za tri- do štirikrat. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti poučenost o izvajanju temeljnih postopkov oživljanja, svojcev srčnih bolnikov in potrebo po izvajanju tečajev o izvajanju le-teh. Ob tem smo spoznali tudi odnos laikov in interes svojcev za učenje in obnovitev znanja o oživljanju. Metode dela: Za pripravo zaključnega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno in kvantitativno metodo dela. Za teoretična izhodišča je bil narejen kritični pregled literature, za dosego zastavljenih ciljev raziskave pa je bila izvedena presečna študija. Rezultati: Več kot polovica sodelujočih v anketi je že opravljalo tečaj temeljnih postopkov oživljanja pa znanje vseeno ocenjujejo kot slabo, to dokazuje, da so povprečno pravilno odgovorili le na pet vprašanj. Le 41 % anketiranih je pripravljenih dajati umetno dihanje vsakemu človeku, stise prsnega koša pa je pripravljeno izvajati 80 % anketiranih. Najpogostejša razloga, zakaj laiki ne bi bili pripravljeni izvajati temeljnih postopkov oživljanja, sta nezaupanje v svoje znanje in strah pred tem, da bi škodovali oboleli osebi. Večina (72 %) anketiranih ve, kaj zajemajo temeljni postopki oživljanja. Ko pa smo jih vprašali, kaj bi naredili, če bi se nekdo nenadoma zgrudil, bi z oživljanjem začelo le 35,5 % anketiranih. Zanimivo je, da 14 % ljudi ne ve, da se mesto za izvajanje stisov prsnega koša nahaja na sredini prsnega koša. Razmerje med stisi prsnega koša in umetnim dihanjem pozna le 44 % anketiranih. Da je frekvenca stisov prsnega koša 100–120 stisov v minuti, ve le 13 % anketiranih, ostali menijo, da je frekvenca 60–80 v minuti. Slabo je tudi poznavanje dajanja umetnega dihanja. Ponujen odgovor, da je treba žrtvi zvrniti glavo, je izbralo le 5,6 % anketiranih. Razprava zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da so laiki zadržani za izvajanje temeljnih postopkov oživljanja iz različnih razlogov, največkrat razlog izhaja iz neznanja in posledično strahu, da bi oboleli osebi škodovali. Sicer pa so se laiki pripravljeni učiti in si znanje želijo pridobiti v obliki tečajev in od zdravstvenih delavcev. Samo znanje je slabše, največ šibkosti se kaže v samem tehničnem izvajanju dajanja umetnega dihanja in stisov prsnega koša.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: temeljni postopki oživljanja, srčni zastoj, laiki, statistični podatki
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101379
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5431915
• Datum objave v RUL: 31.05.2018

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Assessment of basic life support knowledge by members of coronary club : research report

Izvleček

Introduction: Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. 69.4% of cardiac arrests occur at home. In 54.3% cases, someone who could resuscitate the victim is nearby. For every minute that passes without resuscitation, the likelihood of survival is reduced by 10%. However, if the eyewitness starts resuscitation, the probability of survival can be increased by 3–4 times. Purpose: The purpose of the graduation thesis was to determine the knowledge of basic life support in cardiac patients’ relatives and the need for basic life support courses. In addition, we will try to determine the attitude of laypeople and the interest of relatives to learn and update knowledge of resuscitation. Methods: The descriptive and quantitative research methods were used in the thesis. A literature review was made for the theoretical starting points and a cross-sectional study was carried out to achieve the set goals. Results: Although more than one half of the participants in the survey have already completed the basic life support course, they nevertheless assess their knowledge as poor. This is proved by only 5 questions that were answered correctly on average. Only 41% of people are willing to give artificial ventilation to every person, and 80% of people are willing to perform chest compressions. The most common reasons why laypeople are reluctant to carry out basic life support are distrust in their knowledge and fear of harming the sick person. Majority of the respondents (72%) know what basic life support entails. When asked what they would do if someone collapsed suddenly, only 35.5% of the respondents would start resuscitation. Interestingly, 14% of people do not know that the chest compressions area is located in the middle of the thorax. 44% of the respondents know that the ratio between chest compressions and artificial ventilation. The frequency of chest compressions of 100 to 120 per minute was chosen by only 13% of people and others believe that chest should be compressed 60–80 times per minute. The knowledge regarding artificial ventilation is also poor as only 5.6% of the respondents chose the answer that the victim's head should be tilted back. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that laypeople are detained to conduct basic life support for various reasons, usually due to lack of knowledge and, consequently, fear of harming another person. Otherwise, laypeople are willing to learn and want to gain knowledge through courses and from health professionals. Their knowledge is poor and most of the weaknesses are reflected in the technical implementation of artificial ventilation and chest compressions.

• Ključne besede: basic life support, heart failure, laypeople, statistics